浙江沿岸海域春季螺类群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系

根据2015年4月浙江沿岸定点调查资料, 分析了春季调查海域螺类种类组成、优势种、资源生物量和密度、物种多样性以及群落结构与海洋环境因子的关系。结果表明: 浙江沿岸海域春季共捕获螺类27种, 隶属于2目15科21属, 优势种主要有棒锥螺(Turritella bacillum)和褐管蛾螺(Siphonalia spadicea); 螺类平均资源生物量和密度分别为246.64 kg/km2和27.75×103 ind./km2, 总体分布趋势呈现较为明显的斑块分布特征, 但浙北海域资源密度低于浙中南部海域; 种类丰富度指数(D)、物种多样性指数(H′)和种类均匀度指数(J′)的平均值分别为0.36、0.56和0.50, 3种多样性指数均不高, 螺类群落多样性水平处于较低水平, 除物种多样性指数(H′)空间分布特征较为显著以外, 其余2个指数在调查海域整体分布较为均匀; ABC曲线显示浙江沿岸水域春季螺类群落处于中等干扰(或不稳定)状态; 典范对应分析结果表明水深、底层温度和底层溶解氧3个环境因子对研究海域螺类群落的分布起较大的作用。研究旨在探明该海域螺类资源的物种多样性, 丰富我国近海软体动物地理区系的基础资料, 同时也为浙江近海海洋生态和环境保护措施的制定提供参考依据。

COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF SNAILS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ALONG ZHEJIANG COAST IN SPRING

Based on the survey data collected in April 2015 via bottom trawl along Zhejiang coast, this study identified the species composition and dominant species, as well as analysed the resource biomass and density, and community diversity. In addition, the relationship between the community structure of snails and environmental factors was also explored in this study. The results showed that 27 snail species were identified, and they belong to 2 orders, 15 families and 21 genera. The dominant species were Turritella bacillum and Siphonalia spadicea; The average biomass and density were 246.64 kg/km2 and 27.75×103 ind./km2, respectively, whose distributions appeared to be inhomogeneous. However, the density in the northern area was lower than that in the middle-southern area. The average values for species abundance index (D), species diversity index (H′) and species evenness index (J′) were 0.36, 0.56 and 0.50, respectively, indicating the snail community diversity was on a low level. Species diversity index (H′) display spatial distribution pattern, but the other two indexes remained almost constant in the study area. The ABC curve showed that snail community was unstable in spring. According to the CCA analysis, the distribution of snail community was affected mainly by depth, bottom temperature and bottom dissolved oxygen in the surveyed area.