三种方法诱导熊本牡蛎三倍体的比较研究

为获得高效的熊本牡蛎的三倍体诱导方法, 分别比较了6-DMAP、高盐和低盐3种诱导方法在不同的诱导浓度(盐度)、起始诱导时间和持续诱导时间下的卵裂率、孵化率和三倍体率, 同时比较了3种方法获得的幼虫的生长、存活和三倍体率变化情况。结果表明, 在6-DMAP诱导组中, 三倍体率和诱导效率分别可达37.97%—58.01%和34.30%—42.50%, 培育期间幼虫的平均存活率27.19%, 生长率13.03 μm/d, 三倍体率降低了24.94%; 在低盐诱导组中, 三倍体率和诱导效率分别可达7.32%—42.25%和2.17%—31.41%, 培育期间幼虫的平均存活率33.92%, 生长率12.71 μm/d, 三倍体率降低了20.64%; 在高盐诱导组中, 三倍体率和诱导效率分别可达7.47%—63.03%和6.58%—49.41%, 培育期间幼虫的平均存活率31.66%, 生长率13.08 μm/d, 三倍体率降低了17.64%。综合来看, 高盐诱导是诱导三倍体熊本牡蛎的最优方法, 其诱导条件的最佳组合为盐度55, 起始诱导时间受精后15min, 持续诱导时间20min。研究为熊本牡蛎的三倍体诱导提供了技术支持, 对熊本牡蛎的多倍体育种具有重要的理论指导意义。

COMPARISONS OF THREE TRIPLOID INDUCTION METHODS IN CRASSOSTREA SIKAMEA

To obtain an efficient C.sikamea triploid induction scheme,we compared 6-DMAP,low salinity and high salinity on C.sikamea triploid induction in terms of cleavage rate,hatching rate and triploid rate.The effects of different concentrations(salinity),initial induction times and induction duration were also studied.At the same time,the growth,survival rate and triploid rate of larvae obtained by the three methods were compared.In the 6-DMAP induction group,the triploid rate and induction efficiency reached 37.97%—58.01% and 34.30%—42.50%,respectively;during the cultivation period,the average survival rate of larvae was 27.19%,the growth rate was 13.03μm/d,and the triploid rate reduced by 24.94%.In the low-salt induction group,the triploid rate and induction efficiency reached 7.32%—42.25% and 2.17%—31.41%,respectively;during the cultivation period,the average survival rate of larvae was 33.92%,the growth rate was 12.71μm/d,and the triploid rate reduced 20.64%.In the high-salt induction group,the triploid rate and induction efficiency reached 7.47%—63.03% and 6.58%—49.41%,respectively;during the cultivation period,the average survival rate of larvae was 31.66%,the growth rate was 13.08μm/d,and the triploid rate was reduced by 17.64%.In general,high salinity induction is the best triploid induction method for C.sikamea,and the optimal induction condition was induced for 20min start at 15min post fertilization using 55 salinity water.This study provides technical support for C.sikamea triploid induction and has important theoretical guiding significance for polyploid breeding of C.sikamea.