新疆巩乃斯沟药用植物资源多样性研究

从数量、生活型、药用部位等方面对巩乃斯沟药用植物多样性进行了研究。巩乃斯沟的药用植物资源具有丰富的多样性,共有野生药用植物54科260多种,分别占伊犁河谷地区药用植物科、种数的54.54%和46.34%。其中珍稀濒危药用种子植物21种,新疆道地药材8种,蒙医药地道药材38种;多年生草本类型占该区药用种子植物总数的70%以上;全草类和根类药用植物最多,分别占该区药用种子植物总数的50.84%和21.40%,大多数种类属于北温带分布区类型;优势科主要有菊科、蔷薇科、毛茛科和豆科,优势属主要有蒿属,毛茛属和委陵菜属。本文提出了保护和开发利用的具体建议。

Studies on the Diversity of Medicinal Plant Resources in Gongnaisigou of Xinjiang

From the aspects of the number,life type,medicinal parts and geographical elements,the diversity of medicinal plants in Gongnaisigou of Xinjiang was studied.The results showed that there were 260 medicinal plant species belonging to 54 families,which accounted for 54.54% of the total families and 46.34% of the species in Yili Valley.Among them,21 species were rare and endangered medicinal plants and eight species were native medicinal plants in Xinjiang.The perennial herb medicinal plants accounted for about 70% of total seed plants in this region.The medicinal plants of whole plants and roots which were used for medicinal materials accounted for 50.84% and 21.40% of the total medicinal plants respectively.Dominant genera were mainly Artemisia,Ranunculus,and Potentilla and dominant families were mainly Asteraceae,Rosaceae,Ranunculaceae,and Leguminosae.Specific suggestions for the protection and exploitation of the medicinal plants in Gongnaisigou were discussed.