库尔勒香梨上苹果蠹蛾发生规律及其性信息素迷向防控效果

【目的】苹果蠹蛾是我国进境检疫性有害生物。库尔勒香梨是苹果蠹蛾在新疆果树种植区的主要寄主。研究苹果蠹蛾性信息素迷向防控技术在新疆库尔勒香梨产区的应用效果,可为该害虫的绿色防控提供参考。【方法】通过持续监测与调查,掌握苹果蠹蛾在库尔勒香梨上的发生规律和危害特点,并通过定期调查诱蛾量和蛀果率,比较微胶囊迷向剂、迷向丝、常规化学农药对苹果蠹蛾的防治效果。【结果】库尔勒香梨产区苹果蠹蛾一年发生2~3代,以老熟幼虫越冬,且死亡率较低。4月中旬越冬代羽化出土,5月开始为害;第1代成虫高峰期为7月上中旬,第2代成虫高峰期为8月下旬至9月中旬。微胶囊迷向剂、迷向丝、常规化学农药处理区每周的平均诱蛾量分别为2.85、2.98、4.95头·台~(-1),平均蛀果率分别为2.25%、0.8%、0.99%,与空白对照区的差异均达极显著水平。【结论】使用性信息迷向剂能够降低苹果蠹蛾第1代、第2代幼虫及成虫的数量。

Occurrence dynamics and control effect of the mating disruption technology of sex pheromone of Cydia pomonella (L.) from pear in Korla, Xinjiang

Aim] Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera, Olethreutidae) is one of the most important quarantine pests in China. It is widely distributed in the majority of pome fruits cultivated regions in Xinjiang Province and Korla pear is its major host. In this study, the control technology of sex pheromone of C. pomonella was assessed in Korla pear field of Xinjiang. Method] Occurrence and damage characteristics of C. pomonella in Korla pear plantations in Xinjiang were analyzed according to continued monitoring/surveillance under field conditions. The control effect of sex-pheromone microcapsule and dispenser was compared to the control effect of chemical pesticide through the regular surveys of pheromone trap catches and fruit decay rate. Result] C. pomonella occurred 2~3 generations per year in Korla pear production area, and overwintering as mature larvae with lower mortality. The adult emergence occurred in mid-April and started to damage in May. The peak of the first generation of adult occurred in early and mid-July, and the peak of the second generation occurred in late August or mid-September. The average trapping numbers of male adults were 2.85, 2.98, and 4.95 per trap per week in sex-pheromone microcapsule and dispenser as well as chemical pesticide treatments, and the average fruit damaged rates were 2.25%, 0.8%, and 0.99%, respectively, which were extremely significantly lower than that in the untreated control area. Conclusion] Sex pheromone dispenser technology can reduce the number of the first and second generation larvae and adults.