瓜实蝇2种蛹寄生蜂生防潜能比较

目的] 比较研究蝇蛹俑小蜂与蝇蛹金小蜂对瓜实蝇的控制潜能。方法] 采用非选择性实验测定蝇蛹俑小蜂与蝇蛹金小蜂对瓜实蝇蛹的寄生效能、繁殖能力，并研究覆土厚度对2种寄生蜂寄生效能的影响。结果] 2种寄生蜂对瓜实蝇的寄生率无显著性差异，但蝇蛹金小蜂的平均单雌产后代数比蝇蛹俑小蜂的多，分别为30和23头。土壤厚度显著影响2种寄生蜂的寄生效能，随着土壤厚度的增加，2种寄生蜂对瓜实蝇蛹的寄生率均显著下降，但蝇蛹金小蜂的寄生率下降更为迅速；蝇蛹俑小蜂最深可寄生8 cm土壤下的瓜实蝇蛹，而蝇蛹金小蜂在土壤厚度达到3 cm时就不能完成寄生。结论] 蝇蛹俑小蜂较蝇蛹金小蜂更适合应用于瓜实蝇蛹的生物防治。

Biocontrol potential of two pupal parasitoids to Zeugodacus cucurbitae

Aim] Spalangia endius and Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae were tested as possible parasitoids to control Zeugodacus cucurbitae pupae. Method] Non-choice tests were used to determine the parasitic efficiency and fecundity of S. endius and P. vindemmiae, and the effects of soil depth on the parasitic efficiency of the two parasitoids were studied. Results] The parasitism rates were not significantly different between the two parasitoids. However, the average number of offspring per female of P. vindemmiae was more than that of S. endius. The number of offspring per female of P. vindemmiae and S. endius were 30 and 23, respectively. Soil depth significantly affected the parasitic efficiency of the two parasitoids. The parasitism rates of the two parasitoids decreased with an increasing soil depth, but the parasitism rates of P. vindemmiae fell much faster. S. endius can parasitize the pupae covered with soil at the depth of 8 cm at most. P. vindemmiae failed to parasitize the pupae when the soil was at the depth of 3 cm. Conclusion] S. endius is more suitable parasitoid for biocontrol of Z. cucurbitae pupae than P. vindemmiae .