加拿大一枝黄花在安徽合肥的入侵生态因子分析

【目的】研究加拿大一枝黄花入侵区域的入侵格局,分析其入侵性与当地生态环境之间的关系。【方法】通过随机布设样地方法量化了该植物入侵区域的海拔、坡度、植物群落等22个生境因子,并进行主成分分析。【结果】(1)加拿大一枝黄花生境的22个生态因子所含的生态信息可用6个综合因子表征:土壤肥力因子、土壤理化因子、植被因子、复合因子、干扰因子和光源因子;(2)加拿大一枝黄花的发生频率与速效钾、样地中植物总株数、杂草盖度、有机质、植物种数、海拔、坡度、乔木高度、乔木大小、土壤含水率等生态因子呈正相关,但是与水源距、土壤有效磷、土壤全磷、土壤pH呈负相关。【结论】加拿大一枝黄花入侵可能与当地自然环境中的某些生态因子密切相关,生态因子可能对其入侵成功产生抑制或促进作用。本研究有助于明确加拿大一枝黄花入侵的生态因子,为该入侵植物的有效防治提供一定的理论依据。

Factors contributing to the spread of the invasive plant Solidago canadensis L. in Hefei, Anhui Province, China

Aim] In order to study the ecological factors contributing to the invasion of Solidago canadensis, and the relationship between the invasion and the local ecological environment were analysed.Method] By quantifying 22 habitat factors, such as elevation, slope, etc., the invasive patterns of different habitats with different characteristics were accurately described, and a principal component (PCA) analysis was carried out.Result] (1) The ecological information which included 22 ecological factors according to the habitat of the plant could be expressed by six comprehensive factors:the soil resource factor, soil physical and chemical factor, vegetation factor, compound factor, interference factor and light source factor. (2) The frequency of occurrence of S. canadensis was positively correlated with available potassium, total plant density, weed coverage, organic matter, plant species number, elevation, slope, tree height, tree size, soil moisture content and was negative correlated with distance from water source, the available phosphorus, total phosphorus, and the soil pH.Conclusion] This study is helpful to clarify the ecological factors of this invasive plant, and could provide a theoretical basis for its effective control.