嗜食植物与非嗜食植物对西花蓟马成虫寄主选择性的影响

【目的】西花蓟马是世界性害虫,利用西花蓟马对寄主植物嗜食性的差异,通过驱避作用防控西花蓟马,能够为绿色治理提供依据。【方法】在西花蓟马嗜食的甘蓝和非嗜食的大蒜上互喷汁液,采用黄瓜+甘蓝、黄瓜+大蒜2种相间种植方式,研究它们对西花蓟马寄主选择性的影响。【结果】在甘蓝上喷洒大蒜汁液后,甘蓝叶片上西花蓟马的虫量和产卵量均明显减少。大蒜汁液浓度越高,减少得越多;在大蒜上喷洒甘蓝汁液后,大蒜植株上西花蓟马的虫量和产卵量明显增加,且增加程度与甘蓝汁液的浓度呈正相关。黄瓜和甘蓝相间排列时,西花蓟马在黄瓜叶片上的数量与单作黄瓜叶片上无明显差异;但黄瓜和大蒜相间排列时,西花蓟马在黄瓜上的数量明显高于单作黄瓜上的虫数,多52.4%。【结论】在嗜食寄主植物上喷洒非嗜食植物汁液或间作非嗜食的寄主可以明显减少西花蓟马的选择性。研究结果为利用非嗜食植物挥发物防控西花蓟马提供了理论依据和新的方法。

Effect of favorite and non-favorite host on the selectivity of Frankliniella occidentalis

Aim] Frankliniella occidentalis is a worldwide pest. F. occidentalis can be controlled by repellent according its preference differences to host plants, which can provide the basis for green management.Method] The influences on the selectivity of F. occidentalis were studied, by spraying juice of cabbage, the favorite host, and garlic, non-favorite host, and intercropping cucumber and cabbage, or cucumber and garlic respectively.Result] The number of adults and eggs laid on cabbage significantly decreased with increasing concentrations of garlic juice sprayed on cabbage. The number of adults and eggs laid on garlic significantly increased with increasing concentrations of sprayed cabbage juice. When cucumber was intercropped with cabbage, the number of F. occidentalis on cucumber leaves was not significantly different than that on the cucumber planted alone. When cucumber was intercropped with garlic, the number of thrips on the cucumber was 52.4% greater than on the cucumber alone.Conclusion] Spraying non-favorite plant juice on favorite host could significantly decrease the selectivity of F. occidentalis. The results provided theoretical basis and new methods of controlling F. occidentalis by using volatiles from non-favorite plants.