6种杀虫剂对南美番茄潜叶蛾的毒力及田间防效

目的]研究6种杀虫剂对南美番茄潜叶蛾卵、幼虫和成虫的毒力及其在温室番茄上的防治效果，为南美番茄潜叶蛾防治提供高效杀虫剂和施药技术。方法]采用浸渍法和药膜法测定了6种杀虫剂对南美番茄潜叶蛾卵、幼虫和成虫的毒力，田间调查毒力较高杀虫剂对温室番茄上南美番茄潜叶蛾防效。结果] 6种杀虫剂中的乙基多杀菌素、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和阿维菌素对南美番茄潜叶蛾卵有毒力作用，致死中浓度（LC₅₀）分别为1.415、13.588和23.194 mg·L^-1。6种杀虫剂对南美番茄潜叶蛾幼虫的LC₅₀分别为：阿维菌素0.026 mg·L^-1、四唑虫酰胺0.052 mg·L^-1、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐0.057 mg·L^-1、乙基多杀菌素0.072 mg·L^-1、氯虫苯甲酰胺0.484 mg·L^-1和呋虫胺2.039 mg·L^-1。对于南美番茄潜叶蛾成虫，24 h时，仅甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和四唑虫酰胺对成虫有较高毒力；72 h时，6种杀虫剂对成虫的LC₅₀分别为：甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐0.390 mg·L^-1、乙基多杀菌素1.646 mg·L^-1、四唑虫酰胺2.630 mg·L^-1、呋虫胺5.577 mg·L^-1、阿维菌素22.502 mg·L^-1和氯虫苯甲酰胺39.636 mg·L^-1。在成虫盛发期第4天施药，阿维菌素、四唑虫酰胺、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、乙基多杀菌素在南美番茄潜叶蛾危害严重的温室番茄上防效达80%以上。结论]阿维菌素、四唑虫酰胺、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、乙基多杀菌素、氯虫苯甲酰胺和呋虫胺对南美番茄潜叶蛾卵、幼虫或成虫有较高毒力，其中阿维菌素、四唑虫酰胺、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和乙基多杀菌素田间防效较好。

Toxicity of six insecticides on Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) and control efficacy in field trials

Aim] Six insecticides were tested for their toxicity and efficacy on the eggs, larvae, and adults of Tuta absoluta in greenhouse tomato plants.Method] The dipping and film methods were used to determine the toxicities of the six insecticides to T. absoluta eggs, larvae, and adults. The effects of these highly toxic insecticides on T. absoluta were investigated in a greenhouse on tomato plants.Result] Among the six insecticides, spinetoram, emamectin benzoate, and avermectin were toxic to T. absoluta eggs, with LC₅₀ values of 1.415, 13.588, and 23.194 mg·L^-1, respectively. The LC₅₀ of abamectin, tetrazolamide, emamectin benzoate, spinetoram, chlorfenoxamide, and dinotefuran in the larvae were 0.026, 0.052, 0.057, 0.072, 0.484, and 2.039 mg·L^-1, respectively. Only emamectin benzoate and tetrazolium were highly toxic to the adults at 24 h. At 72 h, the LC₅₀ of the six insecticides in T. absoluta adults were as follows:emamectin benzoate, 0.390 mg·L^-1; spinetoram, 1.646 mg·L^-1; tetrazolium furamethoxam, 2.630 mg·L^-1; dinotefuran, 5.577 mg·L^-1; avermectin, 22.502 mg·L^-1; and chlormethoxam, 39.636 mg·L^-1. The control efficacies were above 80% when abamectin, tetrazolamide, emamectin benzoate, or spinetoram were applied to T. absoluta on the 4th day after the peak of adult emergence in the greenhouse.Conclusion] The six insecticides were highly toxic to T. absoluta eggs, larvae, or adults. Among them, abamectin, tetrazolamide, emamectin benzoate, and spinetoram effectively controlled T. absoluta in the greenhouse.