假臭草水浸提液对4种作物的化感作用

【背景】假臭草是近几年来入侵我国南方的外来杂草,目前已成功侵占海南、福建、广东等省沿海的大部分果园、草地、农田等农业生态系统,给当地农业生产造成极大的危害。【方法】采用室内生物测定方法研究不同浓度的假臭草水浸提液(0.010、0.025、0.050 g·m L~(-1))对4种作物(西瓜、水稻、萝卜和辣椒)种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感作用。【结果】各浓度的假臭草水浸提液对4种作物种子萌发和幼苗生长都有较强的化感作用,并且随着浸提液浓度的增大,化感效应显著增强。当浓度为0.050 g·m L~(-1)时,4种受体作物的化感综合效应顺序为西瓜萝卜水稻辣椒。【结论与意义】明确假臭草对不同供试作物的化感作用,能够为该入侵杂草的科学防治提供理论依据。

Allelopathic inhibitory effect of the Eupatorium catarium extract on four crops

Background] Eupatorium catarium Veldkamp is an invasive exotic weed in south China, registered from the coast of Hainan, Fujian, Guangdong, and other coastal provinces. Its presence in most orchards, grassland, and farmland caused great harm to the local agricultural production.Method] Allelopathic effect of watery extract (0.010 g·mL^-1, 0.025 g·mL^-1, 0.050 g·mL^-1) from E. catarium was tested on four crops, watermelon Citrullus lanatus, rice Oryza sativa, radish Raphanus sativus and bell pepper Capsicum annuum under laboratory conditions.Result] The results showed that increasing concentrations of E. catarium had significant increasing allelopathic inhibition on seed germination and seedling growth of the four plants. At the extract concentration of 0.050 g·mL^-1, the sensitivity rank of the four crops was:C. lanatus >R. sativus >O. sativa >C. annuum.Conclusion and significance] Understanding the allelopathic effect of E. catarium on different crops can provide scientific basis for prevention and control of this weed.