广东花生主要品种对黑腐病菌的抗性水平鉴定

【背景】寄生帚梗柱孢霉是花生黑腐病的病原菌,被我国列为重要的进境植物检疫性有害生物。该病菌2009年已入侵我国广东,造成花生植株基部腐烂而死亡,严重威胁花生生产安全。筛选与种植抗病品种是防控该病害的重要措施。【方法】收集广东推广种植的15个主要花生品种,通过人工接种方法,鉴定这些品种对花生黑腐病菌的抗性水平。【结果】15个供试花生品种中,湛红2号、湛油62等2个品种表现为抗病;湛油75、湛油82、粤油390、粤油410、仲恺花44、仲恺花99、汕油诱1号等7个品种表现为中抗;花育33号、汕油523、汕油辐1号、粤油18、湛油53等5个品种表现为感病;仲恺花332表现为高感。【结论与意义】目前广东生产上推广种植的花生品种多数对黑腐病菌表现为抗病或中抗水平,部分品种表现为感病或高感。该结果可为我省花生品种的推广与布局提供依据。

Identification of the resistance to black rot disease in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) cultivars caused by Cylindrocladium parasiticum in Guangdong Province, China

Background] Cylindrocladium parasiticum, the pathogen causing the peanut black rot disease, is listed as an important quarantine pathogen in China, but the pathogen invaded Guangdong Province in 2009. The pathogen is threatening the peanut production. Screening and planting resistant cultivars is an important measure to control the spread of the disease.Method] Fifteen peanut cultivars widely grown in Guangdong Province were collected, and their resistance to peanut black rot disease was identified and evaluated by artificial inoculation.Result] The cultivars cv. Zhanhong NO.2 and cv. Zhanyou NO.62 were resistant to peanut black rot disease. Cv.s Zhanyou NO.75, Zhanyou NO.82, Yueyou NO.390, Yueyou NO.410, Zhongkaihua NO.44, Zhongkaihua NO.99 and Shanyouyou NO.1 were moderately resistant, while cv.s Huayu NO.33, Shanyou NO.523, Shanyoufu NO.1, Yueyou NO.18 and Zhanyou NO.53 were susceptible. Cv. Zhongkaihua NO.332 was a highly susceptible cultivar.Conclusion and significance] The majority of the peanut cultivars grown in Guangdong were at least moderately resistant to black rot disease at present, but some popular cultivars showed high susceptibility. These results could be used to modify the range of layout of peanut cultivars in Guangdong.