警惕芒果蛎蚧Lepidosaphes tapleyi(同翅目:盾蚧科)传入中国

【背景】芒果蛎蚧属于盾蚧类昆虫,食性杂,分布广,是危害热带和亚热带水果、蔬菜和园林植物的重要害虫,主要随水果、苗木和交通工具等介质进行远距离传播。该虫被列入中华人民共和国进境植物检疫性有害生物名录。惠州口岸于2014年12月从芬兰进境的货物中截获该虫,属于我国口岸首次截获。【方法】在收集整理芒果蛎蚧的生物学、地理学等信息的基础上,介绍了芒果蛎蚧的主要形态特征、地理分布、寄主植物和生物学特性,并分析了该有害生物入侵我国的风险。【结果】芒果蛎蚧雌成虫为椭圆形,长约1.2 mm,触角每侧有1根长毛,每侧前气门有3个盘状腺,形态特征与近似种Lepidosaphes camelliae和Lepidosaphes pallida非常相似。风险分析表明,我国广东、广西、海南、云南、福建、台湾以及四川等省非常适合芒果蛎蚧生存和危害。芒果蛎蚧入侵我国会给芒果等果树造成危害,给相关产业带来损失,影响从业人员收入,还影响生态环境,可能导致生态灾难。【结论与意义】芒果蛎蚧有入侵我国的可能,加强检疫是防范该虫入侵的主要手段,生物防治是治理该虫的重要措施。

Evaluating the potential of Lepidosaphes tapleyi (Hemiptera:Diaspididae) to invade China

Background] The scale insect Lepidosaphes tapleyi Williams (Diaspididae) is a highly polyphagous and widespread species, and is an economically important pest of fruit, vegetables and ornamental plants in tropical and subtropical regions. Long distance transmission usually happens with transporting infested fruit, and nursery stock. It is included on the plant quarantine pest list of the People''s Republic of China. In Dec 2014, this species was first intercepted and collected on import cargoes at Huizhou Port in China, which originated in Finland.Method] Based on collected information about biology and geography of L. tapleyi, we give a summary of its morphological characteristics, distribution, host plants, and biological characters. We also analyse its invasion risk.Result] Female adult scale elongate, attaining a length of 1.2 mm. Antennae have a single curved seta and anterior spiracles with 3 pores, and its morphological characteristics were similar to related species L. camelliae and L. pallida. Risk analysis showed that it is suitable for L. tapleyi to survival and damage at Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan, Fujian, Taiwan and Sichuan Provinces in China. An eventual invasion of L. tapleyi would damage mango (Mangifera indica L.), causing loses in fruit industries, reduce the income of local residents and have a negative effect on ecology.Conclusion and significance] L. tapleyi might invade China. Quarantine measures should be introduced for pest risk management, and biological control options should be explored.