Tree retention in cattle ranching systems partially preserves dung beetle diversity and functional groups in the semideciduous Atlantic forest: The role of microclimate and soil conditions |
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| Institution: | 1. Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS), Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNaM) – CONICET, Bertoni 85, 3370 Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina;2. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Bertoni 128, 4405 Eldorado, Misiones, Argentina;3. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (UAEH), Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo km 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma, 42186 Hidalgo, México;1. Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología A. C. Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351. El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz 91070, Mexico;2. CONACYT, Mexico;3. Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales, Universidad Veracruzana. Calle José María Morelos 44. Zona Centro, Xalapa, Veracruz 91000, Apartado Postal 525, Mexico;1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil;2. Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil;3. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil;4. Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil;1. Ecologia e Conservação de Invertebrados, Setor de Ecologia, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire, UK;3. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Panama, Panama;4. Department of Environment, Earth and Ecosystems, The Open University, Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, UK;5. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK;6. Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil;7. MCTIC/Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Pará, Brazil;1. School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand;2. Systemic Conservation Biology, J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology & Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Berliner Str. 28, 37073 Göttingen, Germany;3. Department of Ecology, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand;4. Department of Zoology, Denver Museum of Nature & Science, 2001 Colorado Blvd, Denver, CO 80205-5798, United States;5. CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Underwood Ave, Floreat, WA 6014, Australia;6. School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;1. Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NR, UK;2. Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development, 77 High Street, Georgetown, Guyana;3. School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK;4. Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PW, UK |
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| Abstract: | The disturbance of natural environments affects, among others, the diversity of dung beetle assemblages, which could have serious consequences for the ecological processes regulated by these insects. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare species diversity and functional groups of dung beetle assemblages both in the native forest and in three livestock systems that differed in their structure and composition of vegetation: a livestock system with native trees, a livestock system with exotic trees (Pinus taeda), and traditional open pastures, in the semideciduous Atlantic forest of Argentina, in an area previously covered by continuous forest and currently with a heterogeneous landscape of native forest and different land uses. Pitfall traps baited with cow dung were used in the natural forests and the livestock systems studied. A total of 2461 beetles belonging to 38 species were captured. Treed livestock systems showed the highest species richness (0D) and diversity (1D and 2D). Twelve functional groups were identified. The native forest showed the highest functional group richness, while open pastures had the lowest. In general, livestock systems showed a low proportional abundance of telecoprid, diurnal and large beetles. Microclimate (average temperature and humidity) and soil conditions (soil composition: sandy or clayey) were closely associated with the species and functional group composition. Results confirm that cattle ranching with tree retention preserves dung beetle diversity, and suggest that cattle systems without canopy cover have higher impact (negative effects) than silvopastoral systems on both species and functional groups. |
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| Keywords: | Livestock management Silvopastoral Exotic trees |
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