塔里木盆地荒漠盐碱生境嗜盐碱细菌的初步研究

为了探索塔里木盆地荒漠盐碱生境嗜（耐）盐碱细菌的分离方法，采用纯培养技术探讨了不同土壤预处理方法、盐度及不同分离培养基对不同盐度土壤中嗜（耐）盐碱细菌分离效果的影响。结果表明：高盐土壤嗜（耐）盐碱细菌的多样性高于中度盐分和低度盐分的土壤，而总菌落数则相反；半量的Horikoshi I（NaCl 10％～15％）为3种土样最佳的分离培养基，碱性复合培养基和高盐碱培养基A次之；分离嗜（耐）盐碱细菌以获得资源为主要目的时，富集培养法最佳。以反映土壤嗜（耐）盐碱细菌生态分布而言，用土壤悬液法；塔里木盆地嗜（耐）盐碱细菌生长盐浓度及pH值范围较宽，最适生长盐浓度为10％左右，pH值多为8—10左右。分离到的120株嗜（耐）盐碱细菌中，有33株为嗜盐碱细菌，占分离菌株的27．5％。

An Initial Investigation of Haloalkaliphilic Bacteria in Tarim Basin Desert Saline-Alkaline Habitat

In order to investigate the isolation method of haloalkaliphilie and saline-alkaline tolerance （HSAT） bacteria in Tarim Basin Desert saline-alkaline habitat, a pure culture technique was adopted to explore different pretreatmerit methods, salinity, and different isolation media on the recovery of HSAT bacteria from different saline-alkaline soil. The results showed that ：The diversity of HSAT bacteria isolates recovered from high saline soils was higher than that from middle and low saline soils, but the total colonies were reverse; The half strength of Horikoshi I medium （NaCl 10% - 15% ） was the best isolation medium among three different saline-alkaline soils. The high saline-alkaline culture medium and alkaline complex medium took second place; In order to obtain the resources of HSAT bacteria, the optimal pretreatment methods were enriching cultivation, however, for reflect the ecological distribution of HSAT bacteria, the best method was soil suspension diffusion methods; The salt concentration and pH for growth of HSAT bacteria is in a wide tolerance range in Tarim Basin. And the optimum salt concentration for bacterial growth focused on 10% , and the optimum pH for the growth was 8 - 10. There were 33 strains being haloalkaliphilie among 120 isolates HSAT bacteria, account for 27.5% of total isolated strains.