用作基因传递系统的阳离子纳米载体的 细胞毒性及其机制研究进展

作为基因治疗中的非病毒基因载体，阳离子纳米载体可通过电荷作用与核酸类药物相结合，具有广阔的应用前景。然而，其细胞毒 性，主要表现为诱导细胞凋亡，限制了其临床开发与应用，也成为阳离子纳米载体研究所关注的重点。揭示和准确评价阳离子纳米载体的 细胞毒性及其机制，将有助于设计和开发更安全、更高效地用于基因传递的阳离子纳米载体。综述常用作基因传递系统的阳离子纳米载体 材料阳离子脂质体、聚乙烯亚胺、多聚赖氨酸、聚苯乙烯纳米粒以及其他阳离子聚合物的细胞毒性及其机制研究进展。

Research Advances in Cytotoxicities of Cationic Nanocarriers as Gene Delivery Systems and the Mechanisms Thereof

Cationic nanocarriers as non-viral gene vectors that can bind with nucleic acid drugs via charge-charge interaction, has broad application prospects in gene therapy. However, cytotoxicities, mainly cell apoptosis, have limited their clinical development and application and consequently become the focus of the research on cationic nanocarriers. It might be helpful for the design and development of safer and more efficient cationic nanocarriers for gene delivery to understand and accurately evaluate the cytotoxicities of cationic nanocarriers and the mechanisms thereof. The research advances in cytotoxicities of the cationic nanocarrier materials commonly used in gene delivery system, including cationic liposome, polyethylenimine, poly-L-lysine, polystyrene nanoparticle and other cationic polymers, and the mechanisms thereof were reviewed.