单克隆抗体及其抗感染作用的研究进展

骨髓瘤细胞和单个B细胞可融合形成杂交瘤细胞,这种细胞分离并克隆后可产生针对单一表位,且结构和功能相同的抗体,即单克隆抗体(monoclonal antibody,mAb)。单克隆抗体发展历程经历了四个阶段。其制备技术也在不断革新与发展。目前单克隆抗体技术发展日益成熟,在疾病治疗与诊断中发挥着关键的作用。单克隆抗体与天然抗体不同,具有效价高、特异性强、交叉反应少、可大量制备,靶向性高等特点。mAb可用于诊断及治疗感染性疾病、自身免疫病以及癌症等。对mAb的发展历程及mAb在抗感染性疾病中的应用进行简要阐述。

Advances in Monoclonal Antibody and Its Anti-Infection Effect

Myeloma cells and single B cells can be fused to form hybridoma cells, after isolation and cloning can produce antibodies against a single epitope and have the same structure and function, namely monoclonal antibody (mAb). The development of monoclonal antibody has gone through four stages. Its preparation technology is also being steadily renovated and developed. At present, monoclonal antibody technology is becoming more and more mature, and plays a key role in the treatment and diagnosis of diseases. Monoclonal antibodies differ from natural antibodies in that they have high valence, strong specificity, little cross reaction, and can be prepared in great quantity, with high targeting, and other features. mAb can be used to diagnose and treat infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases and cancers etc. In this summary, the development course of mAb and its applications in anti infectious diseases were briefly expatiated.