ITS2 barcode for identifying the officinal rhubarb source plants from its adulterants |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Italy;2. School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Centro Ricerche Floristiche dell''Appennino, San Colombo, Barisciano, Italy;1. Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy;2. Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Azhar University, Nasr-City, 11371 Cairo, Egypt;3. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia;1. Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil;2. Departamento de Botância, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil;1. Laboratory of Systematic Evolution and Biogeography of Woody Plants, School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, NO.35 Qinghua Dong Road, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China;2. College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, NO.35 Qinghua Dong Road, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China;3. Museum of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Forestry University, NO.35 Qinghua Dong Road, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China;1. College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China;2. Key Laboratory of Wildlife Conservation, China State Forestry Administration, Harbin, China |
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| Abstract: | Officinal rhubarb, the dried root and rhizome of Rheum officinale Baill., Rh. palmatum L., and Rh. tanguticum (Maxim. ex Regel) Maxim. ex Balf. of Polygonaceae family, is one of the most well-known and important traditional Chinese medicines. The growing herbal market has led to the introduction of adulterants, and difficulties in morphological based discrimination has also resulted in concerns over consumer safety. ITS2 as a potential barcode was employed to discriminate officinal rhubarb sampled from the entire distribution range and its adulterants. The minimum K2P interspecific distance between officinal rhubarb source plants and the adulterants were higher than the maximum K2P intraspecific distance within the officinal rhubarb source plants. When the phylogenetic trees were constructed by neighbor joining (NJ), maximum parsimony (MP), maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian methods, all Rheum species were grouped into one clade, while Polygonum and Rumex species were clustered in another clade. In the Rheum clade, all the officinal rhubarb source plants constituted a distinct subclade, while other Rheum species formed other subclades. Our results suggested that the ITS2 region is a more suitable and accurate DNA barcode for distinguishing officinal rhubarb source plants from their adulterants. |
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| Keywords: | Rhubarb ITS2 DNA barcode Population-based Species relationship |
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