A phylogenetic analysis of species in the Bufo crucifer group (Anura: Bufonidae), based on indolealkylamines and proteins from skin secretions |
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Authors: | Natan Medeiros Maciel Carlos Alberto Schwartz Guarino Rinaldi Colli Mariana Souza Castro Wagner Fontes Elisabeth N Ferroni Schwartz |
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Institution: | 1. Laboratório de Toxinologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil;2. Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil;3. Centro Brasileiro de Serviços e Pesquisas em Proteínas, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Química de Proteínas, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil |
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Abstract: | This research tested the utility of two classes of skin secretion compounds to the phylogeny of the Bufo crucifer group. Skin secretions from specimens of nine populations of B. crucifer group were obtained and submitted to qualitative analysis. We observed a clear difference in the composition of the skin secretion molecules obtained from the species of Bufo studied. Fifty-nine molecules, 16 indolealkylamines and 43 proteins, were used as characters, and 39 of these were parsimonious informative. The tree topology of the skin secretion combined data showed areas of congruence and conflict when compared to an mtDNA phylogeny of the B. crucifer group. We used the Templeton test to evaluate the heterogeneity between the skin secretion and mtDNA data. Although not recommended, we performed a combined analysis with the two partitions. The skin secretion characters from the species of Bufo studied have phylogenetic signal. These data are indicative, at least as a preliminary study, of the phylogenetic relationships among the B. crucifer group taxa. |
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Keywords: | Bufo Bufo crucifer group Toad Skin secretion Proteins Indolealkylamines Alternative character to infer phylogeny |
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