长白山森林土壤真菌区系研究

本研究对长白山自然保护区不同海拔、林型、土壤剖面的森林土壤真菌进行分离鉴定,从而为建立森林真菌资源库提供种质资源,并为森林生物资源管理提供科学依据。在该地区6个不同林型中,采用“之”形路线及土壤剖面取样法多点采集土壤样品,按照标准方法初步分离鉴定出真菌28个属,其中包括1个中国新纪录属,即球壳属(Sphaerodes)。研究结果表明,土壤真菌区系与森林(植被)类型、土壤剖面层次密切相关:美人松落叶松林、红松阔叶林和红松云冷杉林土壤真菌的种类明显多于鱼鳞云冷杉林、岳桦林和高山苔原带;土壤不同剖面层次上的真菌种群数量高低依次为落叶层>腐殖质层>土壤层;同一林型下不同土壤层面上优势菌属的组成也具有一定的差异,且不同层面上也存在着其特有的优势菌属。

Studies of Fungal Flora in Forest Soil of Changbai Mountains

By zigzag route and soil profile sampling method,soil samples were taken under six types of forest of Changbai Mountains Natural Reserve and 28 fungal genera isolated from the soil were identified,among which 1 genus Sphaerodes.was a new record to China.The results showed that the distribution of soil fungi was closely related with forest type and layer of soil profile.The species of soil fungi under three types of forest,Pinus sylvestrisd and Larix olgensis forest,Pinus koraiensis and broad-leaved mixed forest,Pinus koraiensis and fir forest,were much more than other three types.The quantity of fungal groups on different layers of soil profile were found,litter layer> humus layer > soil layer.It also showed that the soil of every layer had different dominant fungal genera even in the same forest,and had specific genera on different layers.