假瘤蕨属 (水龙骨科) 植物叶表皮特征的比较研究

在光镜和扫描电镜下观察了假瘤蕨属2系、5亚系的24种植物的叶表皮。结果表明，叶表皮细胞形状不规则，垂周壁波曲状。下生气孔，气孔类型有极细胞型、共环极细胞型、腋下细胞型、聚腋下细胞型和不规则型，常伴生出现。在扫描电镜下，叶表皮气孔器外拱盖内缘为浅波状、少平滑；一些种的保卫细胞两端有“T”型加厚；角质膜波状有条纹,有时附有颗粒。叶表皮的一些特征对该属部分种的区分有一定的参考价值。叶表皮的微形态特征，如气孔器类型和垂周壁类型特征不能用来界定假瘤蕨属的系和亚系。

Comparative Morphology of Leaf Epidermis in the Fern Genus Phymatopteris(Polypodiaceae)

 Leaf epidermises of 24 taxa, representing 2 series and 5 subseries of the genus Phymatopteris (Polypodiaceae), were examined by light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the systematically informative characters. The leaf epidermal cells were usually irregular in shape. The patterns of anticlinal walls were sinuolate, sinuous, and sinuate. The stomatal apparatus were restricted in abaxial epidermises for all species, and generally could be assigned to polocytic, copolocytic, coaxillocytic, axillocytic, and anomocytic types. Under SEM observation, the inner margin of the outer stomatal rim was often sinuous and seldom smooth. Strikingly tall, upright outer stomatal rims occurred in most species. The cuticular membrane of the leaf epidermis was sinuous and occasionally granular. Leaf epidermal features in Phymatopteris appeared to be constant within species, and thus could be used for distinguishing some species. The microcharacters of leaf epidermises (the patterns of anticlinal walls and the stomatal apparatus types) could not be used as evidence for the classification of the series and subseries in Phymatopteris.