佛波酯对蝾螈肌细胞分化的影响(英文)

佛波酯(TPA)是一种有效的皮肤癌促变剂。有不少实验事实指出,它的原始作用部位是质膜,而且对间隙连接的影响也已从各方面得到了证实。本文利用这种药物研究细胞通讯在肌细胞分化中的重要性。割取蝾螈神经胚中期躯干部体节中胚层,用组织培养的方法培养。实验组在培液(Steinberg+Leibovitz's L-15,9∶1)中加适量TPA,共试用了4种浓度,5、10、20和40ng/ml,以10ng/ml为适当,本文报道用这一浓度得到的结果。处理时间为4天,天天换新鲜配制的TPA溶液,连续三天,以后在正常培液中培养。对照组和实验组一样,在20℃下培养10—16天。比较对照组和实验组的结果,看到TPA的处理使预定体节细胞分化为肌细胞的过程受到了明显的阻抑。对照组在10天左右的培养中,可以观察到从预定体节细胞转变为成肌细胞,再融合为肌管。但是,实验组培养早期有一定量的脱落细胞,它们大多为不规则形,分散在外植块周围;还有一些不规则形的细胞,成片地自外植块铺展出来。不论是前者还是后者,在10天左右的培养过程中都未能表现进一步分化。除了看到一些梭形或长形的细胞夹杂在分散或成片的不规则细胞之间,没有找到过多核的肌管细胞。我们的实验结果结合过去形态的观察,说明细胞间通讯的时间性在肌细胞分化中是十分重要的。TPA处理的时间正相当于正常肌细胞分化中间隙连接大量存在并发挥作用的期间,很可能,TPA使间隙连接失去作用,处理之后再恢复正常培液,错过了时间,间隙连接的作用以后也不再能得到补偿。

THE EFFECT OF A PHORBOL ESTER ON AMPHIBIAN MYOGENESIS

The effect of a phorbol ester (TPA) on myogenesis of urodelian embryo has been investigated. Presumptive somites were extirpated from mid-neurula, the stage when they have already attained certain degree of determination. The explants were treated with TPA (10ng/ml in Steinberg solution with the addition of 10% Leibovitz's L-15) for 4 days, the period during which the frequency and size of gap junctions in normal myogenic cells are at the maximum. After the treatment many cells became dispersed and isolated while others spread out and remained connected in the form of a sheet. During further culture for 6 days in the solution without TPA myogenesis was blocked. Both the dispersed cells and the cells in a sheet remained at the earliest stage of muscle differentiation with irregular shape or in the form of myoblast, while cells of the control series formed myotubes containing bundles of myofibrils. The result suggests that the blockage of myogenesis is the consequence of interruption of junctional communication evoked by TPA treatment.