Photosynthetic activities of vegetative and fruiting tissues of tomato |
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Authors: | Hetherington S; Smillie R; Davies W |
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Institution: | Department of Agriculture, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia 4072; Institute of Environmental and Natural Sciences, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK; Corresponding author; e-mail: S.Hetherington@mailbox.uq.edu.au |
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Abstract: | Photosynthetic activities of different chlorophyll-containing parts of
tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv.
Saporo) were assessed using chlorophyll fluorescence techniques. Trusses
selected for study contained near mature, green fruit and measurements were
carried out on the truss peduncle, pedicels, calyces, and fruit. Activities
of these tissues were compared with those of adjacent compound leaves
considered to be the primary suppliers of photosynthetic assimilates to
fruit. All tissues showed high intrinsic efficiencies of photosystem II,
measured as FV/FM, in
dark-adapted tissue (range 0.77-0.82). Maximal photosynthetic electron
transfer activities varied from 110 to 330 mol m-2
s-1. With increasing photon flux density there was a
gradation of tissue activity with actual photosynthetic yields, electron
transport rates and photochemical quenching coefficients
(qP) of tissues decreasing in the order: upper leaf
lamina, lower leaf lamina, leaf petiole, truss peduncle, pedicel, calyx,
and fruit. The reverse order was found for the rapidity at which absorbed
photon energy was diverted to non-photochemical pathways as photon flux
density was increased. The onset of FO quenching at
high photon flux densities suggested that all tissues contained a regulated
mechanism for dissipating excess energy as heat. It was concluded that the
non-leaf green tissues of tomato are quite active photosynthetically and
therefore potentially contribute significantly to plant growth. At a photon
flux density of 185 mol
m-2 S-1, 29% of
photosynthetic electron transport activity on a surface area basis was
located in tissues other than leaf laminae, with fruit accounting for
15%. |
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