园蛛总科网型不同的蜘蛛间分子系统发生关系的初步探讨

为初步探讨园蛛总科内网型不同的蜘蛛间分子系统发生关系，测定了9种蜘蛛核18S rRNA基因的部分序列。联合GenBank中的2种蜘蛛18S rRNA基因序列数据，用NJ法、MP法和ML法重建分子系统树，结果表明：（1）织圆网的园蛛科和肖蛸科蜘蛛在园蛛总科中不是姊妹群；（2）不织圆网的球蛛科和皿蛛科也不是单系发生，证实了皿蛛片网和球蛛网独立起源的观点；（3）皿蛛科蜘蛛的分子系统发生地位与肖蛸科较近、而与园蛛科较远，这表明皿蛛科和园蛛科问雄性触肢结构的相似性很可能是类似而不是同源相似。

Preliminary Study on Molecular Phylogenetic Relationship Among Some Araneoid Spiders (Araneae: Superfamily Araneoidea) whose Web Configurations Are Different

Nuclear 18S rRNA gene fragments of nine species of spiders were amplified and sequenced,and these molecular data were used for reconstructing molecular phyolgenetic trees （NJ, MP and ML tree） of Araneoidea with 18S rRNA gene sequence data of two species of spiders from GenBank. The resulting phylogeny indicated that： （1） Araneidae and Tetragnathidae, which build orb webs, are not a sister group in the superfamily Araneoidea; （2） Theridiidae and Linyphiidae, which build nonorb webs, are also not monophyletic, The results also corroborated the independent origins of linyphiid sheet webs and theridiid gumfoot webs; （3） The phylogenetic placement of linyphiid closer to tetragnathjd than to araneid implies that the similarities of male palpal organ between linyphiids and araneids may be homoplastic rather than homologous.