卡车与卡车前部碰撞驾驶员与前排乘车人损伤特征的研究

目的：研究道路交通事故卡车与卡车前部碰撞驾乘人员损伤特征,分析比较驾乘人员的损伤及损伤分布特点。方法：应用统计学方法对2001年-2010年昆明地区卡车与卡车200例前部碰撞人员损伤的法医学鉴定资料进行系统分析性研究。结果：1.驾驶员易发生损伤的部位是下肢、头颈部,其次为胸、腹部损伤。驾驶员易发生右下肢的损伤及骨折。驾驶员易发生颅骨骨折和肋骨骨折。2.前排乘车人员易发生损伤的部位是上肢、头颈部,其次为下肢,而胸腹部损伤较少见。前排乘车人员易发生上肢的损伤及双侧尺桡骨的骨折。前排乘车人员左侧头颈部受伤的几率大于驾驶员的相对部位。前排乘车人员易发生右肱骨骨折。结论：1.与前排乘车人相比,驾驶员易造成胸部、腹部及盆部、右侧下肢的损伤及右股骨胫腓骨的骨折,发生双侧上肢的体表损伤及尺桡骨骨折均明显少。在身体体表出现胸部、腹部及盆部多部位连续的损伤,有助于提高认定卡车驾驶员的准确性。2.与驾驶员相比,前排乘车人易形成左侧头颈部的损伤,上肢双侧尺桡骨骨折,右侧肱骨的骨折。当损伤位于身体左侧头颈部且有右侧肱骨的骨折,有助于提高认定卡车前排乘车人的准确性。

The Research on Injury Characteristics of the Driver and Front Occupants and in Collision of Truck and Truck of Road Traffic Accidents

Objective： To research the characteristics of road traffic injuries of the drivers and frontal passengers and analyze their injury and injury distribution. Methods： The restropective statistical analysis was carried out in 200 cases with truck and truck front collision in the Center of judicial expertise of Kunming Medicine university in 2001-2010. Results： The most common location of the drivers injury was the lower extremities ,the head and neck, followed by the chest, abdomen region. Driver＇s chest, abdomen and pelvic injuries was higher than the front passengers. Driver＇s right leg injury and fracture was more than the front passenger. （2） The upper extremity fractures were more common found in the front passenger. Front occupant the left and right sides of radius and ulna fractures of the front pssenger is higher than the driver＇s. Conclusion： （1）Compared with frontal passengers, driver prone to right side of the chest, abdomen and pelvis, injuries of the lower limb and the right femur tibia and fibula fracture, a double side surface damage and fracture of the ulna of the upper limbs are less than frontal passengers＇s. The driver＇s body surface appear in the chest, abdomen and pelvis of the body parts of continuous injury, improving the accuracy of identified the truck driver. （2）Compared with driver, the left side of head and neck injuries in the frontal passengers, upper limb bilateral fracture of the ulna, humerus fracture on the right side. When the damage is physical head and neck on the left side and the right humerus fracture, it helps to improve the accuracy of identify truck.