髁突增生的研究进展

髁突增生,又称髁突良性肥大,是一种由于单侧或双侧髁突非肿瘤性过度增生导致下颌骨发育性不对称畸形的疾病。本病病因尚不明确,多于青春发育期隐匿发病,渐进性的病程进展往往会造成严重的牙颌面发育畸形,影响患者面部外形及功能,并且病程往往持续数年直至患者生长发育停止,在早期诊断和治疗时机选择上为正畸医生和颌面外科医生带来了巨大的挑战。目前本病的诊断依赖于常规影像学检查、放射性核素骨扫描及病理学检查,治疗手段以手术方法为主。在诸多可造成颌骨不对称畸形的疾病中,由于本病的发病率不高,且因缺乏具体的诊断标准和有效的早期筛查指标而常常被临床医生所忽视,因而国内外均少见相关文献报道。目前,关于本病的早期诊断和干预方法是该领域的研究热点,本文将对近年来的研究成果进行综述,并提出进一步研究的设想及临床治疗思路。

The Research Progress of Condylar Hyperplasia

Condylar hyperplasia, also called condylar hypertrophy, is a kind of disease that causes overdevelopment and deviation of the mandible. The etiology of condylar hyperplasia is still unknown. It usually develops during puberty, the progressive unilateral or bilateral enlargement of the condyles always causes severe dentofacial deformity and creates functional and esthetic problems. The early diagnosis and treatment of condylar hyperplasia remains a great challenge to both oral and maxillofacial surgeons and orthodontists. So far radiological and pathological examination and SPECT are commonly used in diagnosing, and the treatment method is mainly focused on surgery. Among many diseases that can cause mandibular asymmetry, the incidence of this disease is not high, and because of the lack of specific diagnostic criteria, condylar hyperplasia is often overlooked by clinicians. So it was rare reported both at home and abroad. Currently, early diagnosis and intervention of this disease has been widely concerned in the field. This article will summarize recent research results, and propose ideas for further research and clinical practice.