黄芪多糖预防2 型糖尿病大鼠肝损伤的实验研究

目的:研究分析黄芪多糖(Astragalus polysaecharides,APS)在预防2型糖尿病大鼠肝损伤的作用。方法:Wistar大鼠72只,其中48只以小剂量链脲佐菌素(Streptozotocin,STZ)建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型,并随机分为模型对照组(B组)和APS组(C组),余24只大鼠为正常对照组(A组)。C组大鼠给予APS 400 mg/kg/d灌胃,A、B组分别给予等量生理盐水。分别于第0、2、4、6周检测3组大鼠血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)以及丙二醛(MDA)水平,透射电镜下观察3组大鼠肝细胞超微结构变化。结果:第0、2周时B、C组大鼠ALT、AST、SOD以及MDA水平比较无显著差异(P0.05)。第4、6周时,C组大鼠ALT、AST以及MDA水平均高于A组,但低于B组;而SOD水平低于A组,但高于B组;差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。电镜下观察,A组肝细胞内大量线粒体、内质网,结构完好,未见损伤;B组细胞器数量减少,线粒体及内质网形态异常,膜结构破损,细胞空化;C组细胞器也存在损伤,但较B组明显减轻。结论:APS可增加肝细胞抗氧化酶的活性,促进氧自由基的清除,减少肝细胞损伤,对预防2型糖尿病引起的肝功能损害有一定的价值。

Experimental Study of Astragalus Polysaccharides on the Liver Injury in Type 2 Mice

Objective:To investigate the effect of astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on liver injury in diabetic rats.Methods:The rats model with type 2 diabetes (n=48) were induce by small dose injection of STZ and high calorie feeding, and randomly divided into diabetic model group(group B) and APS group(400 mg/kg/d) (group C). The 24 rats without treatment were normal control(group A). The level of AST, ALT, SOD and MDA were detected and analyzed in 0, 2, 4, 6 weeks respectively. And the ultrastructural changes of the hepatic tissues were observed by transmission electron microscopy.Results:There was no significant difference in AST, ALT, SOD and MDA between B and C groups in 0, 2 weeks (P>0.05). The AST, ALT and MDA in group C were significantly higher than group A in 4, 6 weeks (P<0.05), but significantly lower than group B (P<0.05). The SOD in group C were significantly lower than group A in 4, 6 weeks (P<0.05), but significantly higher than group B(P<0.05). The results observed by electron microscopy revealed a large number of chondriosome and rough endoplasmic reticulum without damage in group A at the 6 weeks, the number of chondriosome and glycogenosome was decreased, cell cavitation occurred, and the membrane structure and rough endoplasmic reticulum was broken in group B while the degree of damage of both chondriosome and rough endoplasmic reticulum was obviously milder in group C than in group B.Conclusion:APS can increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes in hepatocytes, promote the removal of oxygen species and it can ameliorate the liver injury of type 2 diabetic rats.