盆底电刺激对大鼠盆底肌肌肉、神经发育的形态学影响研究

目的:探讨与研究盆底电刺激对大鼠盆底肌肌肉、神经发育的形态学影响。方法:36只Wistar产后健康雌性大鼠分为对照组、模型组与刺激组,每组12只。模型组与刺激组都建立了压力性尿失禁模型,对照组不给予任何处理。建模后刺激组给予盆底电刺激,每3 d一次,持续治疗12 d;模型组在建模后不给予任何治疗处理。结果:模型组与刺激组建模后6 d、12 d的膀胱最大容量、肌肉拉长收缩力、血清神经肽Y(Neuropeptide Y,NPY)水平低于对照组(P<0.05),刺激组高于模型组(P<0.05)。对照组可见施万细胞,未见神经元细胞,肌束结构完整,肌纤维上可见明暗相间的周期性横纹;模型组神经元及肌纤维出现缺血性改变,肌纤维肿胀,肌膜核内移;刺激组未见靶状纤维改变,肌纤维粉染,肌纤维肌束结构完整,胞浆着色浅。结论:盆底电刺激在压力性尿失禁大鼠的应用能促进血清NPY的释放,提高盆底肌肌肉与膀胱最大容量,促进大鼠盆底神经发育。

Effects of Pelvic Floor Electrical Stimulation on Morphology of Pelvic Floor Muscles and Nerves Development in Rats

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the morphological effects of pelvic floor electrical stimulation on the development of pelvic floor muscles and nerves in rats. Methods: A total of 36 Wistar postpartum healthy female rats were divided into control group, model group and stimulation group, with 12 rats in each group. Both the model group and the stimulation group were established stress urinary incontinence models. The control group was not given any treatment. After modeling, the stimulation group was given pelvic floor electrical stimulation every 3 days for 12 days of continuous treatment; the model group was given no treatment after modeling. Results: The maximum bladder capacity, muscle elongation and contractility, serum neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels of the model group and the stimulation group were lower than those of the control group 6 and 12 days after modeling (P<0.05), and the stimulation group was higher than the model group (P<0.05). In the control group, Schwann cells were seen, neuron cells not; muscle bundle structure was complete, periodic light and dark stripes on the muscle fibers were seen. There were ischemic changes in neurons and muscle fibers in the model group, combined with swelling of muscle fibers and intramuscular nucleus shifting. In the stimulation group, there were no changes in target fibers powder staining of muscle fibers, muscle fiber bundle structure was complete, with light cytoplasmic staining. Conclusion: The application of pelvic floor electrical stimulation in stress urinary incontinence rats can promote the release of serum NPY, increase the maximum capacity of pelvic floor muscles and bladder, and promote the development of rat pelvic floor nerves.