脐带间充质干细胞与再生障碍性贫血

再生障碍性贫血(aplastic anemia,AA)是由于物理、化学、生物或不明因素作用使骨髓造血干细胞和骨髓微环境严重受损,造成骨髓造血功能降低或衰竭,以全血细胞减少为主要表现的一组综合征。间充质干细胞(MSC)是属于中胚层的一类多能干细胞,主要存在于结缔组织和器官间质中。不仅具有多向分化潜能,还有多种免疫调节作用。许多研究表明MSCs抑制同种异体效应T淋巴细胞增殖,还能下调T淋巴细胞表面的活化分子CD25、CD38、CD69的表达。MSCs对DCs的分化、成熟和活化具有抑制作用,改变DCs的细胞因子分泌,使成熟的DCl分泌TNF-a减少,DC2分泌IL-10增加,从而抑制T淋巴细胞增殖。MSCs能够抑制IL-2和IL-15介导的NK细胞增殖,使IL-2刺激NK细胞分泌的IFN-y减少。通过这些机制来干预再生障碍性贫血,同时研究发现MSCs免疫原性较低。尤其脐带MSC,因为其独特优势,目前已经成为干细胞干预治疗AA的研究热点。

Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Aplastic Anemia

Aplastie anemia is all acquired bone marrow failure syndrome,characterized by an empty bone marrow,pancytopenia,as well as anemia,bleeding,infection syndrome eytokines.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSC) are widely studied as an alternative cell source for their ability to differentiate into multiple mesenchymal lineage.Studies showed that MSC might restraint T lymphocyte hybridoma and regulate down expression of T lymphocyte bioactive molecule,such as CD25,CD38,CD69.An important function for MSC for autoimmune diseases is their immunomedulatory effect on differentiation,maturity and activation of dendritic cells.UC-MSCs make TNF-a,which is secreted by maturity DC1,reduce and IL-10 augment secrete by maturity DC2.These mechanisms may be related with aplastic anemia.Umbilical cord MSCs(UC-MSCs) had a higher proliferation capacity and lower immunogenicity,which indicated that it might be a novel alternative seurce of human MSC for clinical application and may be a hot fields during treatment of aplastic anemia.