建立适合中国国情的高效双向转诊机制

建立适应我国国情的高效双向转诊机制，对于推进我国的医疗体制改革具有至关重要的作用。本文通过对中西方现行卫生制度的对比，结合我国有中国特色的社会主义国家的国情，对我国的卫生制度中存在的问题进行了深入剖析，探讨如何才能有效地实现高效的双向转诊。目前，我国医疗卫生事业的问题覆盖多个方面：主要表现在医疗资源，医院管理，在岗医护人员的个人职业素质，卫生部门的监管，医疗资源的大量浪费，医院分级不平衡另多数患者普遍选择三级医院就诊，而选择二级以下医院就诊的患者则较少。如何在符合我国国情的基础上改变我国的医疗卫生现状、满足人民群众不断提高的医疗服务需求是我国医疗改革亟待解决的问题。建立高效率的双向转诊制度势在必行。目前，在双向转诊中遇到的问题：1．传统理念导致的对各级医疗机构职能的理解上存在偏差，2．医疗机构自身定位不明确，3．双向转诊制度的各项相关配套政策不完善，4．双向转诊制度的社会认同度低。高效双向转诊机制建立以后，可以节省大量的医疗资源，减少了不必要的浪费，推进了医疗资源的合理配置，减少了因地区差异引起的治疗时机延误，高效的双向转诊制度会使医疗卫生资源配置进一步优化、还可以加强医疗机构之间的协作、降低医疗费用支出、促进社区卫生服务迅速发展等有重大的意义。

To Establish Efficient Two-way Referral System in China

： The establishment of adapting China＇s national conditions and efficient two-way referral system, is very important for promoting China＇s medical system reform. Comparison of the current health care system between Western and China, with Chinese characteristics of the socialist country, we analyzed China＇s health system deeply and explored how to effectively achieve efficient the two-way referral. At present, the problem of China＇s medical and health covered many aspects： Mainly in the medical resources, hospital management, personal occupation quality of the medical staff, the supervision of department of health, a lot of waste of medical resources, hospital grading imbalance to most patients generally choose three hospital and the choice of treatment below grade two hospital patients are less. How to conform to our country national condition to change the status, the health of our country to meet the people＇s increasing demand for medical services is the problem that our medical reform to solve. To set up efficient two-way referral system will be imperative. At present, the two-way referral problems： 1. There was deviation to understanding of the functions of the medical institutions at all levels by traditional philosophy. 2. Its location is not clear medical institutions. 3. The relevant supporting policies of two-way referral system was not perfect.4. The two-way referral system had low social recognition. After the efficient two-way referral mechanism, can save a lot of medical resources, reduce unnecessary waste, to promote the rational allocation of medical resourc- es, reduce the delay of the treatment time by regional differences. Efficient two-way referral system will make the allocation of medical resources further optimize, strengthen medical cooperation, reduce medical costs, have great significance for promoting the development of community health service.