子痫前期患者尿液中足细胞裂孔膜蛋白和标记蛋白的检测及意义

目的：检测子痫前期患者尿液中足细胞裂孔膜蛋白和足细胞标记蛋白的浓度并探讨其临床意义。方法：本实验以62例妊娠期妇女为研究对象，分为三组，其中正常妊娠期妇女25例为正常对照组，慢性高血压的妊娠期妇女17例为高血压组，子痫前期患者20例为子痫前期组。ELISA检测各组妊娠期妇女的尿液中足细胞裂孔膜蛋白和足细胞标记蛋白的表达；Bradford法检测各组妊娠期妇女的尿蛋白。结果：足细胞裂孔膜蛋白和足细胞标记蛋白在正常对照组尿液中含量极少，在高血压组中分泌增加，而子痫前期组患者中明显升高（P〈0．01），且在子痫前期组尿液中足细胞裂孔膜蛋白和标记蛋白的分泌含量均成正相关（r2=0．79，P〈0．05）。子痫前期组患者中足细胞裂孔膜蛋白和足细胞标记蛋白与尿蛋白浓度成正相关（r2=0．58，P〈0．05；r2=0．79，P〈0．05）。结论：足细胞蛋白脱落主要发生于子痫前期患者，且足细胞蛋白脱落量与尿蛋白成正相关，能直接反映妊娠期患者的肾损伤程度，可作为预测罹患妊娠期高血压的指标。

Detection and Significance of Nephrin and Podocalyxin in the Urine of Preclampsia Patients

Objective： To test the Nephrin and podocalyxin in the urine of preclampsia patients and discuss its clinical significance. Methods： 62 cases of pregnancy women were taken as the research objects. They were divided into three groups, including control group （25 cases of normal pregnancy women）; hypertension group （17 cases of chronic hypertension of pregnancy women; preeclampsia group （20 cases of preeclampsia patients）. ELISA was used to detect the Nephfin and podocalyxin, and Bradford method was used to detect the urine protein of pregnancy women. Results： The content of Nephrin and podocalyxin in urine of control group and hypertension group was little, but the amount was a lot in patients in preeclampsia group （P〈 0.01）. The content of Nephrin showed a positive correlation with the content of podocalyxin （r2 =0.79, P〈0.05）. The content of Nephrin had a positive correlation with podocalyxin and urine protein concentration （r2 = 0.58, P〈 0.05; r2 = 0.79, P〈 0.05）. Conclusion： Podocytes protein shed mainly in preeclampsia patients, and its quantity was positively correlated with urine protein. The drop ofpodocytes protein can directly reflect the renal damage degree of pregnancy patients, and it can be used as a prediction index for gestational hypertension.