儿童区分意图行为与自我控制能力关系的研究

目的:研究3至5岁儿童能否对主动行为、被动行为加以区分以及其控制能力的差异和两者是否相关。方法:设计两个任务:衡量儿童对主动与被动行为区分的意图实验与衡量儿童自我控制能力的七巧板任务。结果:意图实验年龄效应显著,F=48.317,P<0.001。七巧板任务年龄效应显著:F=88.123,P<0.001,意图实验与七巧板任务相关显著:r=0.79 t=8.37,P<0.01。结论:儿童对主动行为和被动行为的区分转折点为4岁;儿童的自我控制能力以坚持性为指标时转折点在4岁;儿童时意图行为的区分与自我控制能力具有相关性。

Study on Relationship between Children's Distinguishing Intentional Action and Their Self-control Abilities

Objective:To investigate the relationship between distinguishing intentional and passive actions and differences in self-control ability of children aged three to five years old.Methods:Two tests were conducted.One was intention test on distinguishing intentional action and passive action,the other was jigsaw puzzle test on children self-control ability.Results:There were significant age-group effects in intention test(F=48.317,P<0.001) and jigsaw puzzle test(F=88.123,P<0.001).Significant correlation was found be- tween intention test and jigsaw puzzle test,r=0.79 t=8.37,P<0.01.Conclusion:Kid's awareness of intentional and passive actions occurs at the age of four.The turning point of children self-control ability evaluated by persistence and also appears at 4 years old.There is a correlation between the two abilities.