中等强度有氧运动联合弹力带抗阻训练对稳定性冠心病患者血管内皮功能、心肺功能及运动耐力的影响

摘要 目的：探讨弹力带抗阻训练、中等强度有氧运动联合应用对稳定性冠心病患者心肺功能、血管内皮功能、运动耐力的影响。方法：选择2020年9月~2022年4月期间我院收治的稳定性冠心病患者70例，按照随机数字表法分为对照组（35例，中等强度有氧运动）和联合组（35例，对照组的基础上接受弹力带抗阻训练）。对比两组运动耐力、血管内皮功能指标超声颈动脉内膜-中层厚度（IMT） 、内皮依赖性血管舒张功能（FMD）值、Crouse斑块积分]、心肺功能指标左心室射血分数（LVEF）、心脏每搏输出量（SV）、最大摄氧量（VO₂max）和氧脉搏（O₂pulse）]、生活质量和心血管不良事件发生率。结果：干预后，两组6分钟步行试验（6MWT）升高，且联合组高于对照组（P<0.05）。干预后，两组LVEF、SV、VO₂max、O₂pulse升高，且联合组高于对照组（P<0.05）。干预后，两组生理/社会功能、躯体疼痛、生理/情感职能、精力、总体/精神健康各维度评分升高，且联合组高于对照组（P<0.05）。干预后，两组IMT缩小，FMD升高，Crouse斑块积分下降，且联合组的变化程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。两组心血管不良事件发生率对比无差异（P>0.05）。结论：稳定性冠心病患者采用弹力带抗阻训练和中等强度有氧运动联合干预可改善心肺功能和血管内皮功能，提高运动耐力及生活质量，具有较好的临床应用价值。

Effects of Moderate Intensity Aerobic Exercise Combined with Elastic Band Resistance Training on Vascular Endothelial Function, Cardiopulmonary Function and Exercise Tolerance in Patients with Stable Coronary Heart Disease

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the effects of elastic band resistance training and moderate intensity aerobic exercise on cardiopulmonary function, vascular endothelial function and exercise endurance in patients with stable coronary heart disease. Methods: 70 patients with stable coronary heart disease who were treated in our hospital from September 2020 to April 2022 were selected, and they were randomly divided into control group (35 cases, moderate intensity aerobic exercise) and the combined group (35 cases, receiving resistance training with elastic band on the basis of the control group). The exercise tolerance, vascular endothelial function indexes carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), flow-medi-ated dilatation (FMD) value, Crouse plaque score], cardiopulmonary function indexes left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiac stroke volume (SV), maximum oxygen uptake (VO₂max) and oxygen pulse (O₂pulse)], quality of life and the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events were compared between the two groups. Results: After intervention, the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) of the two groups was increased, and the combined group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). After intervention, LVEF, SV, VO₂max and O₂pulse in the two groups increased, and the combined group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). After intervention, the each dimension scores of physical/social function, physical pain, physical/emotional function, energy and overall/mental health in the two groups were increased, and the combined group was higher than the control group(P<0.05). After intervention, IMT in the two groups decreased, FMD increased, and Crouse plaque score decreased, and the degree of change in the combined group was greater than that in the control group(P<0.05). There was no difference in the incidence rate of adverse cardiovascular events between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The patients with stable coronary heart disease use elastic band resistance training and moderate intensity aerobic exercise combined intervention can effectively improve the cardiopulmonary function and vascular endothelial function, improve exercise endurance and quality of life, which has good clinical application value.