制备大孔径静电纺丝组织工程支架的研究进展

研究表明静电纺丝可以制备出模拟细胞外基质的三维结构,其中限制静电纺丝纤维支架应用的问题之一就是纤维排列紧密导致支架的孔径较小,从而阻碍了细胞的浸入,组织中血管化的形成以及支架与宿主细胞的融合。为了增大支架的孔径,提高孔隙率,许多研究者提出了相应的策略。本文综述了多种制备大孔径静电纺丝纤维支架的方法,主要包括不同接收装置控制电场分布、盐粒子/聚合物析出法、水浴接收、低温静电纺丝以及激光/紫外烧蚀法等,以上的方法都能够有效的增大静电纺丝三维支架的孔径,进而提高了细胞的浸润性、营养物质的传输以及废物的排出,为静电纺丝纤维支架在组织工程中的应用奠定了基础。

A Review for Fabrication of Large Pores in Electrospun Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

Research shows that electrospinning method can mimic the configuration of native extracellular matrix. Which limits the application of electrostatic spinning scaffold are the problems of the tightly packed layers of nanofibers causing smaller pore diameter and restricting cell infiltration, vascularization in tissue and the fusion of scaffold with the host cell. In order to increase the pore size and porosity of scaffold, many researchers have put forward a lot of strategies. This paper reviews a various kinds of methods for fabrication of large pores in electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds, including controlling the electric field, salt particle/polymer leaching, receiving to bath collector, Low temperature electrospinning and, Laser/UV, irradiation, etc. All the above methods can effectively increase electrostatic spinning three-dimensional scaffold pore size, thus improving the cell infiltration, the transmission of nutrients and waste, which lay a foundation for the application of electrostatic spinning fiber scaffolds in tissue engineering.