冷刺激诱导的弱精子症大鼠模型肾上腺轴与甲状腺轴功能改变的研究

目的:研究冷刺激诱导建立的弱精子症模型大鼠HPA轴与HPT轴功能改变,探讨其生殖生物学意义。方法:取28只SPF级性成熟雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(N组,12只)与冷刺激组(C组,16只)。造模结束前对大鼠一般情况包括精神状态、体重、核心体温、尿量等进行检测。23周后通过精子功能的评定筛选弱精子症大鼠并建立弱精子症组(CA组),同时取外周血清、HPA轴、HPT轴相关组织;ELISA法和放射免疫法测定各组大鼠外周血清HPA、HPT轴相关激素水平,并在光镜下观察HPA轴和HPT轴相关组织形态学改变。结果:与N组相比,CA组大鼠反应迟钝,活动能力降低,夹尾试验评分显著降低,核心体温及尿量升高,差异显著(P0.05)。血清激素结果表现为CA组EPI显著升高,T3/T4比值亦显著升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。光镜下可见N组各组织形态正常,与N组相比,CA组下丘脑室旁核神经细胞增生,排列紊乱;垂体细胞水肿,血窦不明显,嗜酸性细胞增多;肾上腺以皮、髓质水肿改变为主;甲状腺滤泡萎缩,上皮细胞增生。结论:冷刺激诱导建立的弱精子症大鼠模型可发生HPA轴功能改变,呈现慢性应激反应现象,提示,HPA轴功能改变参与该模型弱精子症的的发生发展过程。

The Study about Adrenaline and Thyroid Axis Function Changes in Rat Model of Asthenospermia Induced by Cold Stimulation

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the changes of HPA axis and HPT axis in rats with asthenozoospermia induced by cold stimulation, and its reproductive biology. Methods: Twenty-eight SPF-grade mature male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (N group, 12 rats) and cold stimulation group (C group, 16 rats). Before the end of modeling, the general conditions of rats including mental state, body weight, core body temperature and urine volume were recorded. After 23 weeks, the spermatozoa function was evaluated and the asthenozoospermia group (CA group) was established. At the same time, peripheral serum, HPA axis and HPT axis related tissues were collected. Then the levels of HPA axis and HPT axis related hormones of rats were detected by ELISA and radioimmunoassay. The morphological changes of HPA axis and HPT axis related tissue were observed under optical microscope. Results: Compared with N group, the response of rats in CA group was dull and the activity ability was decreased. The score of tail clamping test decreased significantly, while the core body temperature and urine volume increased significantly(P<0.05). The results of serum hormones showed that EPI and T3/T4 ratio in CA group were significantly higher than those in N group (P<0.05). Under optical microscope, the morphology of each tissue in group N was normal. Compared with group N, the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus nerve cells in CA group proliferated and arranged in disorder; pituitary cell edema, blood sinus was not obvious, Hiirthle cell increased; adrenal edema was mainly in cortex and medulla; thyroid follicles atrophied and epithelial cells proliferated. Conclusion: The rats with asthenospermia induced by cold stimulation had the changes of HPA axis function and had the chronic stress. It is suggested that the function changes of HPA axis are participate in the occurrence and development of asthenospermia in this model.