中心体在配子与早期胚胎中的遗传模式及其在辅助生殖中的意义

中心体由中心粒周围物质(PCM)围绕一对相互垂直的圆柱形中心粒组成,是哺乳动物细胞内主要的微管组织中心,在细胞分裂时发挥重要的作用。中心体以半保留的形式复制,在精子及卵母细胞发生时会发生减灭,精子和卵母细胞各保留部分中心体的成分,在受精后重新组成功能完整中心体。精子的中心体结构发生异常将会导致男性的不育,卵母细胞的老化也会引起中心体蛋白缺陷,从而产生纺锤体结构异常,并导致受精及早期胚胎发育异常。中心体的结构与功能,与人类受精及胚胎发育相关密切,在辅助生殖中具有重要意义。

Centrosome Inheritance Patterns in Human Gametes and Early Embryos and its Significance in Assisted Reproduction

ABSTRACT: The centrosome is composed of pericentriolar material (PCM) surrounding a pair of perpendicular cylinder centriole. Centrosome is known as major microtubule organizing center(MTOC) in mammalian cells and plays an important role in cell division. The centrosome is replicated in a semi-reserved form. The centrosome reduction occurs during the process of spermiogenesis and oogen- esis. The Sperm and oocyte retain the part of the centrosome and reconstitute the functional integrity centrosome after fertilization. The defects of sperm centrosome will lead to maleinfertility, and the aging of oocyte also results in abnormal spindle structure due to the de- fects of centrosomal protein and causes abnormalities in fertilization and early embryonic development. The centrosome structure and function crucial in human fertilization and embryo development, and also show great significances in human assisted reproduction.