干眼症的免疫调节机制及相关治疗新进展

干眼症是目前最常见的眼表疾病,它可以导致眼部不适,甚至引起视力障碍,它极大地影响了患者的工作和生活质量,随着干眼症的发病率逐年升高,该病越来越受到人们的重视,已成为当今眼科研究热点之一。干眼症病因繁多、发病机制复杂,近年来随着对该病病因、发病机制及治疗等方面的深入研究,研究学者认为免疫调节是其主要机制之一,眼表的非特异性免疫反应和特异性免疫反应共同进行调节,目前已发现多种免疫细胞以及炎症因子参与了干眼症的发生发展。干眼症治疗的常规方法是应用有润滑眼表作用的人工泪液,但对于中重度干眼症,不可只是单纯的缓解症状,还应加以抗炎药物治疗其根本。本文主要针对干眼症的免疫调节机制以及相关治疗的最新研究进展加以综述。

Progresses of Immunoregulation Mechanisms and Treatment of Dry Eye Disease

ABSTRACT: Dry eye disease is the most common ocular surface disease, it can lead to eye discomfort, and even cause visual disability. It greatly affects the work and quality of life in patients with dry eye. As the incidence of dry eye disease is increasing gradually, the disease has been paid more and more attention, and has become one of the hot issues in ophthalmological research. The causes of dry eye disease are various and the pathogenesis of that is complicated. In recent years, many researchers have studied the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of the disease, some of them showed that the immunoregulation is one of its main mechanisms. Nonspecific immunoreaction and specific immunoreaction of the ocular surface are regulated together. A variety of immune cells and inflammatory factors have been found to be involved in the development of dry eye disease so far. The traditional treatment of dry eye disease is to apply artificial tears to lubricate ocular surface. But for moderate and severe dry eye disease, it should also be treated with anti-inflammatory drugs not noly simply relieve symptoms. This article reviews the latest research progresses on the immunoregulation mechanism of dry eye disease and related treatment.