类别学习的脑机制研究现状和展望

本文主要探讨类别学习的脑机制。首先介绍类别学习的基本过程及主要研究范式。其次从脑损伤和脑成像两方面探讨此过程中的脑机制,主要包括额区、内侧颞叶、基底神经节的激活。再次,介绍了ERP研究类别学习过程的方法和结果,主要相关成分包括N1、P1、N2、P2、N300、P3、P450。最后对类别学习的脑机制进行小结和展望,认为ERPs和脑成像技术的结合可使此研究深化。

Prevention and Nursing Care for the Deep VenousThrombosis after Major Operation of Lower Extremities

To investigate the measures of prevention and nursing care fordecreasing of deep venous thrombosis in patients with a major operation of low erextrem ities.Methods:98 patients with major operation of lower extremities were selected.Among them ,eval-uation and health instructions were given to the high risk patients before operation.After operation,we inquired about the information about the operation in detail,kepteasy drainage,protected veinsoflow erextremity,and im proved the basic prevention and physicalpre-vention, and then observed w hetherthe DVT or PTE appeared.Results:All the 94 patients were cured,and the effective rate reached to 95.9 %;3 developed DVT,and 1 developed PTE,butthey all recovered after reasonable treatment finally.Conclusion:The incidence rate of deep venousthrom bosis in patients with major operation of lower extremities can be reduced obviously by scientific prevention and nursing care.