非小细胞肺癌的免疫治疗进展

肺癌是最致命的恶性肿瘤之一,也是男性肿瘤患者致死率最高的,5年生存率低于18%。尽管非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)在手术治疗、化疗、放疗以及靶向治疗方面均取得了一定的成果,但晚期NSCLC的预后依然很差。免疫治疗为NSCLC患者提供了一个新的治疗方向。免疫治疗目前主要研究方向在免疫检查点抑制剂(Ipilimumab、Nivolumab、MK-3475)和肿瘤疫苗(MAGE-A3,L-BLP25,TG4010,Belagenpumatucel-L)等。免疫治疗具有针对性强、副作用少、效率高的特点,并在Ⅱ、Ⅲ期临床试验中取得了较好的疗效,成为在手术、化疗、放疗以及靶向治疗后一种新的重要治疗手段。本文就当前非小细胞肺癌免疫治疗原理、临床试验及待解决问题作一综述。

Advances on Immunotherapy Research in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

ABSTRACT: Lung cancer is one of the most fatal malignant tumors and male lung cancer patients have the highest mortality rate. Its survival rate in five years is less than 18%. Although certain outcomes have been achieved in surgical treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the prognosis of advanced NSCLC is still unsatisfying. However, immunotherapy has provided a new direction for the treatment of NSCLC, the currently main research direction of which is immune checkpoint inhibitors (Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, MK-3475) and tumor vaccine (MAGE-A3, L-BLP25, TG4010, Belagenpumatucel-L), etc. Immunotherapy is featured with high pertinence, less side effects and high efficiency with better curative effects achieved in clinical trials of phase II and phase III, for which it has become a new treatment of significant importance after surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy and targeted therapy. This paper summarizes the principles, clinical trials and problems to be solved of current non-small cell lung cancer immunotherapy.