椎体成形术和椎体后凸成形术治疗椎体压缩性骨折的研究进展

绝大多数椎体压缩性骨折由骨质疏松或椎体肿瘤引起,其导致骨折部位的疼痛以及椎间高度丢失。经皮椎体成形术和经皮椎体后凸成形术是近二十年来兴起用于治疗椎体压缩性骨折的微创手术方法,能够迅速缓解病人的疼痛、恢复伤椎畸形。经皮椎体成形术通过小切口将骨水泥注入骨折部位,而椎体后凸成形术将球囊注入骨折部位,通过球囊扩张和收缩形成空腔,并在腔中注入填充材料,接着取出球囊,注入骨水泥。本文从经皮椎体成形术和经皮椎体后凸成形术的发展、两种手术的疗效和安全性、骨水泥的研究现状和两种技术的临床应用结果、当前和未来的研究方向等进行综述。

Progress in Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty for Vertebral Compression Fracture

ABSTRACT: The vast majority of vertebral compression fractures are caused by osteoporosis and vertebral tumor, which lead to the pain of a fracture and intervertebral height lost. In recent 20 years, the use of percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty, a kind of minimally invasive surgery method intended for the vertebral compression fractures, are rising up for patients with vertebral compression fractures, which can quickly relieve patients'' pain and restore injured vertebral deformities. Percutaneous vertebroplasty injects bone cement into fractures through a small incision. However, percutaneous kyphoplasty injects a balloon into a fracture to make a cavity by expending and shrinking, which is filled with filler material, and then removes the balloon, and injects bone cement. This article mainly reviews development, curative effect and safety, clinical application and future aspects.of the percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty.