不同喂养方式对婴儿骨密度及维生素A的影响

目的:探讨不同喂养方式对婴儿骨密度、维生素A的影响。方法:选择2015~2016年来我院体检的婴儿120例,根据不同喂养方式的不同分为母乳喂养组、混合喂养组及人工喂养组,比较三组婴儿1、3、6月的身长、头围、体质量、骨密度,6月时的维生素A及6月内的患病率。结果:三组婴儿1、3、6月内身长、体质量及头围对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05);1月、3月时,母乳喂养组与混合喂养组骨密度与明显高于人工喂养组(P0.05);母乳喂养组与人工喂养组对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05);6月时,混合喂养组婴儿的骨密度显著高于人工喂养组和母乳喂养组(P0.05),人工喂养组显著低于母乳喂养组(P0.05)。6月时,母乳喂养组的维生素A明显低于人工喂养组及混合喂养组(P0.05)。母乳喂养组6月内的患病率明显低于混合喂养组及人工喂养组(P0.05)。结论:6个月前不同喂养方式对婴儿的体格发育无明显影响,而6个月左右母乳喂养的婴儿骨密度及维生素A含量均低于混合喂养,母乳喂养可降低婴儿的患病率,6个月内应提倡母乳喂养。

Effects of Different Feeding Methods on the Bone Mineral Density and Vitamin A of Infants

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the effects of different feeding patterns on the bone mineral density and vitamin A of infants. Methods: 120 cases of infants underwent physical examination in our hospital from 2015 to 2016 were selected. According to different feeding methods, they were divided into the breastfeeding group, mixed feeding group and artificial feeding group. The body length, head circumference, body mass, bone mineral density were observed at 1, 3, and 6 months, vitamin A and the prevalence rate in 6 months were compared among three groups. Results: There was no significant difference in the body length, body weight and head circumference among the three groups of infants at 1, 3 and 6 months(P>0.05); The bone mineral density of breastfeeding group and mixed feeding groupat 1, 3 months were significantly higher than that of the artificial feeding group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference be- tween breastfeeding group and artificial feeding group (P>0.05). At 6 months, the bone mineral density of mixed feeding group and breastfeeding group were significantly higher than that of artificial feeding group, while the mixed feeding group was significantly higher than that of the breastfeeding group(P<0.05). At 6 months, the vitamin A of breastfeeding group was significantly lower than those of the artificial feeding group and mixed feeding group(P<0.05). The prevalence o breastfeeding group was obviously lower than those of the artificial feeding group and mixed feeding group(P<0.05). Conclusion: In the 6 months after birth, different feeding methods had no sig- nificant effecton the physical development of infants, and 6 months or so breastfeeding baby bone mineral density and vitamin A were lower than the mixed feeding group, breastfeeding can reduce the prevalence of infants, breastfeeding should be advocate in the 6 months after birth.