BLCA-4 在膀胱癌中作用的研究进展

摘要：近年来，膀胱癌的发病率与死亡率呈逐年上升，已成为泌尿系统最常见的肿瘤。随着分子生物技术的不断发展，核基质蛋白 (NMPs)、膀胱肿瘤抗原(BTA)、透明质酸和透明质酸酶(HA-HAase)、细胞角蛋白(CK)等诸多膀胱肿瘤标志物被发现。其中，膀胱癌 特异性核基质蛋白-4(BLCA-4)是一种可溶性的复合物，在正常膀胱组织中不表达而存在于膀胱癌组织中。检测尿样中BLCA-4 水平有望用于膀胱癌的筛查及诊断，具有较高的敏感性和特异性，也可用于普通人群与膀胱癌高危人群(脊髓损伤患者)的筛选与 检测；而术后病理组织检测BLCA-4 的表达也可为膀胱癌患者的预后预测提供参考。本文对近年来BLCA-4 在膀胱癌中的作用进 行了综述。

Research Progress of the Effect of BLCA-4 on Bladder Cancer

ABSTRACT:In recent years, both the morbidity and mortality of bladder cancer increased year by year, had become the most common cancer of urinary system. With the continuous development of molecular biotechnology, nuclear matrix proteins (NMPs), bladder tumor antigen (BTA), hyaluronic acid and hyaluronidase (HA-HAase), cytokeratin (CK), and many of the bladder and tumor markers were found. The Bladder cancer specific nuclear matrix protein-4 (BLCA-4) was a soluble compound, which was present in bladder cancer and did not express in the normal bladder tissue. The detection of BLCA-4 levels in urine was expected for the screening and diagnosis of bladder cancer with high sensitivity and specificity. It could also be used for the general population and bladder cancer risk groups (spinal cord injury patients) screening and detection; while postoperative histopathological detection of BLCA-4 expression could also provide a reference for the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. In this paper, the role of BLCA-4 in bladder cancer was reviewed.