三维一体教育改善农村产褥期妇女膳食营养与生活行为 效果分析

目的:评价三维一体宣教对妇女产褥期营养保健知识认知、饮食行为的干预效果.方法:针对影响产褥期妇女膳食营养与健康的主要因素,提出妇幼保健机构指导下的“产妇-家庭-社区”三维一体膳食营养干预策略.选择某农村孕晚期妇女作为研究对象,随机分为干预组和对照组,两组均接受基本常规的孕产妇卫生保健知识宣传,对干预组对象进行专门的三维一体营养保健知识宣教.结果:干预组对象营养保健知识的知晓率显著高于对照组,干预组对象奶类、鱼类、蔬菜、水果的每日摄入量显著高于对照组,干预组蛋类的摄入量是194.51g/天显著低于对照组的298.2g/天(P＜0.05).干预组完全母乳喂养的比例是74.4％,显著高于对照组的59.5％(P＜0.05).房间每天通风的发生率干预组是67.8％,明显高于对照组的54.3％(P＜0.05).结论:推广三维一体营养保健知识宣教,多途径、针对性强的宣教方法能有效提高妇女营养保健知识水平,并改善其产褥期饮食、行为及健康状况.

Effect of Nutrition and Health Education Intervention on Rural Women's Postpartum Beliefs and Practices

Objective: To investigate the effect of the knowledge of nutrition and health education intervention on improving postpartum beliefs and practices.Methods: The study design was a randomized controlled trial conducted in a rural area of shandong,the late pregnancy women were randomly divided into intervention group and control group.Both of them accepted the basic knowledge of pregnant women health.The objects of intervention group had accepted the special education of nutritional and health knowledge.Results: The awareness rate of most nutritional health knowledge of the intervention group was significantly higher than those in the control group.Women in the intervention group had more milk,fish,vegetables and less fruit than than those in control group.Besides,women in the intervention group had fewer eggs(194.51 g/d) than those in control group 298.2 g/d(P<0.05).The proportion of the intervention group subjects in breastfeeding and ventilated everyday(74.4 %,59.5 %) were significantly higher than those in the control group(67.8 %,54.3 %).Conclusion: Targeted nutritional health education can improve the knowledge level of puerperal women and promote healthy dietary behavior.Therefore,targeted nutritional health and knowledge education should be promoted.