哈尔滨地区围绝经期女性健康现状及保健需求分析

目的:了解哈尔滨地区围绝经期女性健康现状及对相关保健知识认知现状。方法:采用分层整群抽样,于2011年从哈尔滨18个区、县随机抽取40～65岁围绝经期女性进行调查。结果:①2520例被调查女性平均年龄49.90岁,其中自然绝经者占37.4%,平均绝经年龄49.49岁。②13项症状的发病率从18.5%～59.1%不等,最常见的前五位症状依次为心悸(59.1%)、疲乏无力(53.4%)、骨关节肌肉痛(50.1%)、性交痛及阴道发干(49.0%)、易激动(48.8%)。Kupperman评分总分≥17分653例,占25.9%。围绝经期综合征随年龄增长逐渐加重,经Logistic回归分析其患病率与教育程度、绝经分期有相关性。③30.3%女性表示"听说过性激素替代治疗",且郊区明显低于城区;使用率仅为1.3%。结论:哈尔滨地区女性围绝经期症状患病率较高,其保健知识有待提高。应依托社区和媒体,加大宣传力度,提高围绝经期女性生活质量。

Analysis of Healthy Conditions and Healthcare Service Demand of Perimenopausal Women in Harbin

Objective: To investigate the healthy conditions and healthcare service demand of perimenopausal women in Harbin.Methods: Using the stratified clustering sampling,women aged 40~65 years old were selected from 18 urban fields and suburbs of Harbin in 2011.Results: ①The mean age of 2520 interviewed women was 49.90 years old,and the rate of natural menopause was 37.4%.The average age of natural menopause was 49.49 years old.②Out of 13 symptoms,the five most prevalent symptoms were palpitation(59.1%),worn out(53.4%),aching in muscles and joints(50.1%),sexual disorder(49.0%),irritability(48.8%).25.9% of women were diagnosed perimenopausal syndrome with Kupperman Menopause Index(KMI) more than 17.The incidence of perimenopausal syndrome was increased with aging process.Logistic regression analysis revealed that menopausal staging and educational status were related to perimenopausal syndrome.③30.34% of women knew hormone replacement therapy(HRT);the rates were significantly lower in suburbs than in urban fields.Only 1.32% of menopausal women once used HRT.Conclusions: The morbidity of perimenopausal symptoms in Harbin is high,while the knowledge of HRT is poor.Healthcare of perimenopausal women should be strengthened depending on the community and media.