Monte Carlo study of dosimetric impact of gadolinium contrast medium in transverse field MR-Linac system |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 4-24-1 Kuhonji, Kumamoto, Japan;2. Kokura Memorial Hospital, 3-2-1 Asano, Kokura, Fukuoka, Japan;3. Saga Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Tosu, Koga-machi, Tosu, Saga, Japan;1. Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Italian National Research Council, Via T. De Amicis, 95, 80145 Napoli, Italy;2. Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Napoli, Italy;3. Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Napoli “Federico II”, 80125 Napoli, Italy;1. Département de physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada;2. Département de radio-oncologie, Centre hospitalier de l''Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada;3. Imaging division, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands;4. Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands;6. Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiology, and Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States;1. Institute of Medical Physics, School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;2. School of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia;3. Liverpool and Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centers, Liverpool, NSW, Australia;4. Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia;5. South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia;6. Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia;1. Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA;2. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, USA;3. Department of Physics, University of Houston, USA;1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, 202 Tower Drive, Baton Rouge, LA 70803-4001, USA;2. Department of Physics, Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, 4950 Essen Lane, Baton Rouge, LA 70809, USA;1. U.O.C. Fisica Sanitaria, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Roma, Italy;2. Istituto di Radiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy;3. Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy;4. U.O.C. Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Roma, Italy |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this study is to evaluate the dosimetric impact of gadolinium contrast medium (Gadovist) in a transverse MR-Linac system using Monte Carlo methods. The dose distributions were calculated using two heterogeneous multi-layer phantoms consisting of Gadovist, water, bone, and lung. The photon beam was irradiated with a filed size of 5 × 5 cm2, and a transverse magnetic field of 0–3.0 T was applied perpendicular to the incident photon beam. Next, dose distributions for brain, head and neck (H&N), and lung cancer patients were calculated using a patient voxel-based phantom with and without replacing the patient’s GTV with Gadovist. The dose at the water-Gadovist interface increased by 8% without a magnetic field. A similar dose increment was observed at 0.35 T. In contrast, the dose increment at the water-Gadovist interface was small at 1.5 T and a dose decrement of 5% was observed at 3.0 T. The dose variation at the lung-Gadovist interface was larger than that at the water-Gadovist interface. The mass collision stopping power ratio for Gadovist was 7% lower than that for water, whereas, the electron fluence spectra at the water-Gadovist interface increased by 17.5%. In a patient study, Gadovist increased the Dmean for brain, H&N, and lung cancer patients by 0.65–8.9%. The dose variation due to Gadovist grew large in the low-dose region in H&N and lung cancer. The GTV dose variation due to Gadovist in all treatment site was below 2% at 0–3 T if the Gadovist concentration was lower than 0.2 mmol/ml?1. |
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| Keywords: | Gadolinium contrast medium MR-Linac Magnetic field Monte Carlo technique Dose distribution |
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