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The relationship between the presence of ADHD and certain candidate gene polymorphisms in a Turkish sample
Authors:Ozan Pazvanto?lu  Sezgin Güne?  Koray Karabekiro?lu  Zeynep Ye?in  Zehra Erenku?  Seher Akba?  Gökhan Sar?soy  I??l Zabun Korkmaz  Ömer Böke  Hasan Ba?c?  Ahmet Rifat ?ahin
Institution:1. Department of Psychiatry, Ondokuz Mayis University, School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey;2. Department of Medical Biology, Ondokuz Mayis University, School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey;3. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ondokuz Mayis University, School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey;4. Department of Biostatistics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
Abstract:Due to the high heritability of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), parents of children with ADHD appear to represent a good sample group for investigating the genetics of the disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between ADHD and six polymorphisms in five candidate genes 5-HT2A (rs6311), NET1 (rs2242447), COMT (rs4818), NTF3 (rs6332), SNAP-25 (rs3746544) and (rs1051312)]. We included 228 parents of children diagnosed with ADHD and 109 healthy parents as the control group. The polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assays and analyzed using the chi-square test and the multinomial logit model. SNAP-25 (rs3746544) polymorphism was associated with loading for ADHD, while 5-HT2A (rs6311) and NET1 (rs2242447) polymorphisms were associated with ADHD. On the other hand, there was no significant association between the SNAP-25 (rs1051312), NTF3 (rs6332), or COMT (rs4818) gene polymorphisms and ADHD.
Keywords:ADHD  attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder  NE  norepinephrine  5-HT2  serotonin  COMT  catechol-O-methyl-transferase  SNAP-25  synaptosomal-associated protein-25  NTF  neurotrophic factor  NET1 gene  norepinephrine transporter gene  5-HT2A gene  selective serotonin 2A receptor gene  COMT gene  catechol-O-methyl-transferase gene  SNAP-25 gene  synaptosomal-associated protein-25 gene  NTF3 gene  neurotrophic factor-3 gene  PCR  polymerase chain reaction  RFLP  restriction fragment length polymorphism  DSM-IV  the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders  fourth edition  SCID  Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV  WURS-25  the Wender-Utah Rating Scale-25  CSS  the Current Symptom Scale  ASRS  the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale  SNP  single nucleotide polymorphism  NCBI  National Center for Biotechnology Information
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