Ecological and genetic aspects of grape phylloxera Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Hemiptera: Phylloxeridae) performance on rootstock hosts

Performance and genetic variability of clonal lineages derived from one Californian and one German population of grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch were studied on their natal grape rootstock host and on three novel hosts over four generations in an aseptic dual culture system. The ability of D. vitifoliae to adapt to new hosts was measured by changes in fitness (rm) over four generations. The performance of a given clonal lineage changed over successive generations, depending upon the host plant and the phylloxera group. Analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (AFLP-PCR) banding patterns from 40 individual parthenogenetic D. vitifoliae revealed equal levels of genetic variation both among the four clonal lineages analysed and within the different generations of one lineage. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed no significant differences between the D. vitifoliae lineages reared on different host plants, nor was a correlation between host performance and genotype found.