安徽淮南大居山的早更新世反刍类

继在安徽淮南大居山发现晚中新世老洞哺乳动物群和新洞早上新世哺乳动物群后,1998年在老洞西侧又发现了西裂隙哺乳动物群。据对所出土的化石标本所作的整理研究,大居山西裂隙的反刍类动物化石有4个种：狍后麂Metacervulus capmolinus、山西轴鹿Axis shan- sius、布氏真枝角鹿Eucladoceros boulei和半牛未定种Hemibos?sp．,全部为绝灭种。它们所指示的地质年代为早更新世早期；所显示的动物群面貌为带有北方色彩的南、北方过渡带特色；所反映的生态环境为北温带森林景观,山谷间有少量密林,山脚下有局部草地。反刍类中山西轴鹿的标本数量最多,说明这个种是大居山西裂隙动物群中的优势种群。西裂隙动物群中的反刍类化石的另一个特点是未成年个体占有较大的比例,与河流冲击扇沉积中的动物年龄结构有很大的差别,也许指示大居山西裂隙是食肉动物存储和食用它们猎物的场所或这些反刍类的天然陷阱。

EARLY PLEISTOCENE RUMINANTS (MAMMALS) FROM THE DAJUSHAN, HUAINAN, ANHUI PROVINCE (CHINA)

A karstie cave called Laodong with rich late Miocene mammals was found in 1990 in the Dajushan (117°01′E,32°35′N) area,15 km northwest of Huainan City,Anhui Province in eastern China (Jin et al.,1999;Jin,2004).During the implementation of the State Key Pro- ject of the 9~(th)“Five-year-plan”,Jin and colleagues found two other fossil localities.One of them is located in a fissure called Xiliexi (it means West Fissure in Chinese) and about 60 m west of the Laodong Cave.Many mammal fossils were unearthed from the fissure deposits.4 species of ruminants were identified as below.