|
|||||
|
|
Distinct genetic code expansion strategies for selenocysteine and pyrrolysine are reflected in different aminoacyl-tRNA formation systems |
|
| Authors: | Jing Yuan Patrick O’Donoghue Alex Ambrogelly R Lynn Sherrer Miljan Simonovi? |
| Institution: | a Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8114, USA b Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8114, USA c Schering-Plough Corporation, Kenilworth, NJ 07033-0530, USA d Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA |
| Abstract: | Selenocysteine and pyrrolysine, known as the 21st and 22nd amino acids, are directly inserted into growing polypeptides during translation. Selenocysteine is synthesized via a tRNA-dependent pathway and decodes UGA (opal) codons. The incorporation of selenocysteine requires the concerted action of specific RNA and protein elements. In contrast, pyrrolysine is ligated directly to tRNAPyl and inserted into proteins in response to UAG (amber) codons without the need for complex re-coding machinery. Here we review the latest updates on the structure and mechanisms of molecules involved in Sec-tRNASec and Pyl-tRNAPyl formation as well as the distribution of the Pyl-decoding trait. |
| Keywords: | o-phosphoseryl-tRNASec kinase Sep-tRNA:Sec-tRNA synthase Pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase Stop codon re-coding Natural suppression |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ | |