大蒜化学成分的气-质联用分析

本文采用环己烷、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇对大蒜（Allium sativum L.）新鲜鳞茎的95%乙醇提取物进行萃取,并与水蒸气蒸馏法提取的挥发油成分进行比较,用GC-MS对其成分进行定性和定量分析.在环己烷萃取物中共检出112个成分,鉴定了38个化合物,占环己烷萃取物总量的80.08%;在乙酸乙酯萃取物中检出86个成分,鉴定了26个化合物,占乙酸乙酯萃取物总量的56.70%;在正丁醇萃取物中未检出挥发性成分.在水蒸气蒸馏法提取的挥发油中共检出109个成分,鉴定了29个化合物,占挥发油总量的83.58%.大蒜95%乙醇提取物的环己烷和乙酸乙酯萃取物及大蒜挥发油中皆以含硫化合物为主.在环己烷和乙酸乙酯萃取物中,阿霍烯的含量分别为生药的0.00395%和0.00145%,大蒜中阿霍烯含量达0.00540%.

Analysis of the Volatile Components of Garlic (Allium sativum L. ) by GC-MS

The components in the cyclohexane,EtOAc and n-butanol extractions of the 95% alcohol extract of garlic(Allium sativum L.) were compared with the essential oil obtained by steam distillation from garlic by means of GC-MS.Qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out.From the cyclohexane extraction,112 components were detected and 38 components were identified,which composed 80.08% of the cyclohexane extraction.From the EtOAc extraction,86 components were detected and 26 components were identified,which composed 56.70% of the EtOAc extraction.From the n-butanol extraction,no volatile component was detected by GC-MS.From the essential oil obtained by steam distillation,109 components were detected and 29 components were identified,which composed 83.58% of the total essential oil.The cyclohexane extraction and the EtOAc extraction of the 95% EtOH extract of garlic and the essential oil were dominated by organosulfur components.According to the analyses of the cyclohexane extraction and the EtOAc extraction of the 95% EtOH extract of garlic,the contents of ajoene in the crude drug were 0.00395% and 0.00145%.The content of ajoene in garlic was 0.00540%.