荞麦亲和与不亲和授粉后柱头和花粉管中ATP酶的超微细胞化学定位

利用磷酸铅淀淀技术对荞麦（Fagopyrum esculentum Monch.)pin型植株分别进行亲和授粉和不亲和授粉后的柱头、花粉粒、花粉管进行了ATPase的超微细胞化学定位。结果表明（1）亲和授粉和不亲和授粉后0.5h，柱头细胞的ATPase活性反应水平较低或基于无酶活性；柱头表面、柱头上附着的花粉粒内ATPase活性在不亲和授粉时较低，亲和授粉时较高，花粉粒内ATPase主要定位于线粒体和精子细胞；（2）授粉后1.5h，不亲和授粉的柱头细胞及花粉管的ATPase活性均较低，花粉管停止生长，细胞质开始解体；而亲和授粉的柱头细胞及花粉管的ATPase活性均较高，ATPase主要定位于柱头细胞的质膜、胞基质以及花粉管的壁、质体的膜、高尔基体、线粒体上。根据不同时期不同部位ATPase活性的差异，我们认为荞麦发生自交不亲和时，花粉管在花柱中停止生长不仅是因此花粉管得不到花柱中的营养物质而引起的，可能也与花粉管自身物质代谢发生障碍有关。

The ultracytochemical localization of ATPase activity in pollen tube and stigma of Fagopyrum esculentum after compatible and incompatible pollination]

Ultracytochemical localization of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity in stigmas, pollens and pollen tubes of Fagopyrum esculentum was performed with the cytochemical method of lead phosphate precipitation. The results were as follows: (1) Lower activities of ATPase appeared in stigma cells at 0.5 hour after compatible and incompatible pollination. Stigma surface and pollen grains attached on stigma showed higher ATPase activities after compatible pollination and lower or no activities after incompatible pollination at 0.5 hour. ATPase localized on endoplasmic reticula and sperm cell in pollen grain. (2) Lower ATPase activities appeared both in stigma cells and pollen tubes in style at 1.5 hours after incompatible pollination. Pollen tube stopped growing and the degeneration of its cytoplasma began; on the contrary, at 1.5 hours after compatible pollination, higher ATPase activities were detected both in stigma cells and pollen tube in style. ATPase localized mainly on plasmolemma, in cytoplasmic matrix of stigma cells and in mitochondria, dictyosome, plastid envelop, and on the wall of pollen tube as well. The present study indicated that the stop of pollen tube growth after self-incompatibility of Fagopyrum esculentum resulted not only from the nutrient starvation of pollen tube, but also from its metabolic disorder in incompatible style.