黄雀发声核团与部分听觉中枢内P物质的分布和性双态比较

用免疫组织化学方法研究P物质在雌雄黄雀发声控制核团和听觉中枢内的分布，结合计算机图像分析仪检测SP免疫阳性细胞和末梢的灰度值，并作雌雄比较。结果如下：1．在发声学习中枢嗅叶X区有大量的SP阳性神经末梢和一些神经细胞。2．在发声控制核团前脑高级发声中枢(HVc)、古纹状体栎核、发声学习中枢新纹状体巨细胞核和丘脑背内侧核外侧部内有许多的SP免疫阳性细胞。3．在发声控制中枢中脑背内侧核和延髓舌下神经核气管鸣管部、听觉中枢丘脑卵圆核的壳区、中脑背外侧核壳区及中脑丘间核等有密集的SP免疫阳性神经末梢和纤维分布；雄性发声中枢内SP的分布比雌性丰富，两者有显著的差异。结果表明：SP的分布在雌雄发声中枢之间存在显著的性双态；SP广泛分布于黄雀发声控制核团和部分听觉中枢内，提示SP可能在发声控制及听觉中枢内具有重要的生理功能。

The localization and the sexual differences of substance P in vocal control and part auditory nuclei of Carduelis spinus]

The expression of substance P in the vocal control and auditory nuclei was investigated by wsing immunohistochemical methods, and the gray density of numerical value was measured with the image processing system in females and males of Carduelis spinus. Then, the distribution and the gray density of substance P were compared between males and females. The results indicate that: 1) Substance P labeled terminal and part cells were distributed in the Area X; 2) Substance P labeled cells were distributed in the nucleus high vocal center (HVc), magnocellular nucleus of the anterior neostriatum (MAN), robust nucleus of the archistriatum (RA) and dorsolateral nucleus of the anterior thalamus (DLM); 3) Substance P labeled terminal and fibers were distributed in the vocal control nuclei such as nucleus dorsalis medialis (DM) and the nucleus hypoglossi, pars tracheosyringealis (nXI-Its), and in the auditory nuclei such as the nucleus ovidalisashell (Ov shell), the shell regions of mesencephalicus lateralis, pars dorsalis (MLd shell) and the nucleus intercollicularis (ICo). The values of gray degree of substance P labeled cells or fibers were significantly higher in males than that in females. The present study indicates that the distribution of substance P exhibits significantly sexual difference in the songbird. The presence of substance P in most auditory and vocal control nuclei suggests that substance P may play an important physiological role in the auditory perception and vocal production.